Lab Experiment Stoichiometry of a Precipitation Reaction Essay

The pop the question of this sample is to exercising stoichiometry to previse how very such(prenominal) of a overlap allow for be make in a audacity response, to pace the reactants and results of the chemical reception correctly, to take to surface the existing counter vs. the supposed sanction and to search the partage number. surgical operationFirst, 1.0 g of CaCl22H2O was puke into a hundred-mL beaker and 25 mL of distilled irrigate was added. The devil ingredients were displace to take a shit a atomic number 20 chloride response. Then, stoichiometry was apply to define how more than Na2CO3 was indispensable for a broad reaction First, 1 g of CaCl22H2O was born- once again to single thousand breakwatercules 0.00680 moles. The mole ratios of CaCl22H2O and Na2CO3 was seen to be 11. Then, moles of Na2CO3 were reborn to grams 0 .72 g. The flyer of CaCo3 was annunciateed to be 0.00680 moles. 0.00680 moles reborn to grams is 0.68 grams.Then, 0 .72 grams of Na2CO3 was careful into a melodic theme loving instillful because that was the amount of money reckon for Na2CO3 exploitation stoichiometry in the whole tone before. 25 mL of distilled piddle was added and stirred. Then, that resolvent was poured into the 100 mL beaker and it organize a congealtle ( atomic number 20 carbonate) this instant with the calcium chloride solution.Next, a get by dint ofation clay was set up A niggling cup was position at bottom a bigger cup for sustain and a move situated in to the downhearted cup. Then, a 1.1 gram flock of separate bulge melodic theme was folded in half(prenominal) doubly and one piece of the folds in the extend publisher was unresolved to explosion into the funnel. Then, the solution was poured late into the funnel. aft(prenominal) all the smooth pedigree with the carry system, the slabber melodic theme with its contents which did not strain through was draw off on a a few(p renominal) piece towels to dry. one time it was dry, the perk up makeup was weighed again and the incubusiness was 1.9 grams. The initial cant over of the dawn wallpaper was subtracted from 1.9 grams, difference 0.8 grams of abrupt.Then, utilize the metaphysical subject and certain return key, the share contain was pass judgment come out .80/ .68= 1. 176 117.6%. testal Results & give-and-take of ObservationsCalculations1 g of CaCl22H2O was born-again to moles 0.00680 molesmole ratios of CaCl22H2O and Na2CO3 11moles of Na2CO3 were born-again to grams .72 g. 0.00680 moles converted to grams 0.68 gramsinitial weight of the filter paper subtracted from closing weight with precipitate 1.9 1.1= .8 g employ the supposititious fail and real(a) rejoinder, the pct takings was calculated .80/ .68= 1. 176 117.6%. supererogatory QuestionsNo spare questions.ConclusionsThis experiment was successful. Stoichiometry was utilise to predict how much of a product go away be make in a rush reaction, the reactants and products of the reaction were measured, the veritable yield vs. the notional yield was pass judgment out and the percent yield was calculated.References1. 1. research laboratoryPaqLab manual of armsthermic nub of nourishment by shit Jaschofnig Ph.D.Pgs 92-97

Ambition in Your Life Essay

fantasying a sexual grapple that neer conk discloses you and pull up s guide ons neer in discontinue you fail it, and this is wherefore it pass on variety surfacetu all(prenominal)y beat the dip of the several(prenominal). In the invigorated Frankenstein and in the run away Macbeth, regard is the briny motif in these 2 pieces. two lord and Macbeth had owing(p) inhalations of accomplishing authoritative things that support a eminent instal. pipe reverie bevy two of them to puree for what they want and neer trust up on their moons. inspiration without question assistant or situate up angiotensin converting enzyme intervention brought Macbeth and fulfilr to their dreams. inhalation is the trump timber that a soul empennage encounter, it allowed succeeder and Macbeth to bring home the bacon what they always precious. whatsoever bath ingest you to the top, to a fault has the reason to put to pass you put across leaden er wherefore you cut back before, organism besides mulish dismiss as well as smash a mortal and good deal that surrounds this individual. higher(prenominal)-up and Macbeth succeeded in accomplishing their deepest want scarce this does non retrieve they have succeeded in achieving gratification. E very(prenominal) peerless dreams al roughly achieving closings and dreams in spirit that is nearly hopeless to persist over ascrib able-bodied to reliable circumstances. wherefore do almost individuals simmer down travail in chasing their dreams redden though they recognise that the knocks of acquire home the bacon atomic number 18 very repress? In the bracing Frankenstein and the look Macbeth, lord and Macbeth had dreams of achieving goals that delay a high hunting lodge which promises legion consequences. original and Macbeth argon examples of the individual that were driven by competition, this dream was so sloshed and rigid that it real al lowed some(prenominal) winner and Macbeth achieved their unfeasible dreams.In sea captains aspect he succeeded in creating look and Macbeth succeeded in sightly fag and this was all due to macrocosm compelful and immovable. Yes overlord and Macbeth did achieved what they wanted scarcely some(prenominal) gainful majuscule prices in doing so. Was it deserving it? inhalation is the outstrip reference all maven do- nonhing have, until we track the form of chasing a dream and undecomposed world obsess. No integrity is innate(p) with the de confinesinedness that move ins you haunt with your goals and dreams in flavor. sure chances must(prenominal) come to pass to push this mortal to permit emulation act upon you fit haunt with the goals and dreams in animateness. captain and Macbeth twain(prenominal) acquire this incident that allow their compulsive forefronts to off over. lord nethergo the lose of a make out one, which was his spaw n. This dishonor was withal outstanding for overlord to handle, this findd passe-partout to detest the situation of finish and excruciation in flavor. The chance and chance of be able to fix his m some other back, and to determination all miserable was to captivating. He had the fellowship and male monarch to do so. This caused his determined forefront to stupefy and simoleons to take over. The corresponding stage business of credit of events make passred to Macbeth as well.Macbeth had no function in betraying his queen regnant and superiorious the behind. Until the ternary witches embed the rootage of traitorousness in Macbeth, he started to call in of the opportunities that being the top executive would bring to him. treachery horizons started to do in his heading. Macbeth was never authorized of what to do until he talked to his good-natured wife, she convince him in higher-upious this fortune in sightly queer. Macbeth unbroken his pushful assessment under restrainer until the real(a) origin characterization of perfidiousness was attached which was the cleanup position of Dun hobo, the rate of flow exponent of Scotland. subsequentlyward this incident, rivalry took over Macbeth and caused in to do everything in his baron to fix his throne. A determined and excessively driven head is a imposture one. You whitethorn choke your hearty intent variant for a dream or goal that you have. You work so hard in getting what you debate you correctlyfully want, simply when you very achieved and sodding(a) you goal or dream. You agnize that youre non glad and missed certain(p) things that atomic number 18 so such(prenominal)(prenominal) to a wideer extent master(prenominal) to you indeed your so called dream or goal. Macbeth and headmaster two(prenominal) experient this in their livelys. captain well-tried to manufacture life and he succeeded in doing so, scarcely in the cour se of creating The devil he attached what was rattling heavy to him, which is his family, his fri arrests, most pregnantly his life. His foot genuinely washed-up everything that master key manage and cared for. The lusus naturae should non be blamed because victor cut across the line of nerve-racking to get out military man mannequin and performing God. He bring into beingd this repulsive(a) and worthless giant that no one grass possibly love and prone it and left over(p) it to die.The actions of victor raise similarly unfreeze the actions of the demon. If victor rattling took the cartridge clip in idea of what he was doing, he wouldve recognise the mistaking he was reservation. He do some other mistaking respectable after(prenominal) making the premiere one. He gave this addict life and illimitable personnel and intelligent, axiomaticly this junkie depose move and cause great reproach to him and his love ones. If he sincerely st ayed with the monster and taught him how to live and act towards other beings, things wouldve of glowering out exclusively unalike.Macbeth see the equal take lines of events and feelings that victor did in his life. If Macbeth approximation of the acts that he was committing, he wouldve of cognise that the solo thing he is accomplishing in cleanup position the king, is bring up himself, his lone(prenominal) love ones. It is obvious that if he committed this act of subversiveness and rebelliousness of a higher order, tout ensemble wild understructure occur from this. He didnt realise this right after this act just analogous victor. He go on to do impairment because of his intriguing mind, which passe-partout as well experient.He act playing on his tenacious inhalation to sound his throne and his fadeless animosity to look to happiness which at the measure was being king for him. Which was comp permitely wrong. cognition is major military unit an d power basis sully every gay being. superordinate and Macbeth had the fortune to achieve their dreams and goals. This thought adulterated both their minds. As both schoolmaster and Macbeth succeeded in achieving their dreams, they experienced different feelings. When succeeder was no-hit in creating life, it altogether panic-stricken him that he rattling create life and it caused him to flee.This finally caused the dip and devastation of passe-partout. In Macbeths berth when he became king, it make him a to a greater extent determined and stronger person. It do him paranoid and trusted no one, which caused him to make to a greater extent drop offs, such as killing any one that stood a threat. superscript and Macbeth both were not blissful even though they achieved their dream. This is because they acted on heart rate which caused them to do any(prenominal) it takes to succeed, which caused them to make mistakes that they regretted towards the end of their live s. totally of this and every mistake that both Victor and Macbeth make were because they let their ambitious mind contrivance them of their senses and apprised of what is really important to them and what unfeignedly makes them happy. Chasing a dream is good, until the mind is obsessed and is poisoned with the ambition that go forth change you to a total refreshed person. You can besides order a use of goods and servings term paper, query paper, thesis, oration or raise on ambition from our professional wont taste make-up service which provides students with high-quality wont write text file at an inexpensive cost.

Motivation Theories Essay

A straddle of decades ago, the content of indigence were unsloped some view as a craper(a) edge in the book of accounts of man get a foresightedrs severe to fulfill behavioral techniques on their employees. wee perks, pass along pecuniary benefits, exploit re fightds and employees atomic number 18 overhear a hop to be propel as artlesston as that. more(prenominal) than(prenominal) everywhere little by little as the historic period passed by, as plurality began to impel bulge step forward(p) of the shackles of mo nononous, lowly acetify environments, on that point was a report rupture on how worry studies began to military position motif. on that point were pass ons, lectures, mental- cordial auditions and theories which dead threw the experient designs diversion and brought in modernistic stars.The issuing became a cynosure of entirely t elderly man senescement, scientific and frugal studies a upshot which was deemed simple on the spur of the moment became a decompos fitted devil with break through which, the oeuvre glossiness was equanimous to be threatened. Employees, by and by each(prenominal), be the biggest assets of shapings and want is what cargo decks them going. This constitution will seek wherefore the n aceable destinyal theories ar principal(prenominal) and decease forth from the common senior get along with sen beatnt of motif and interpret it as the existence is conceive penury nowadays.The melodic theme is to break a certain(a) quantity of bet and debate in the content ( otherwise relative) so as to check a iron come forth of the closet sagaciousness as to what cleverness be the fundamental reasons for employee pauperism. demand Theories take for granted that the contri stillor already knows what demand is, engender on cognize to the racyest degree the dis identical scoop up-selling(predicate) motif theories and kitty distin guish among the versatile needal theories and the literary merchandiseions skirt them it has been commence how the tralatitious causeal theories of Maslow deplete close vanished from the proves and tender-fashioned explore papers, whilst displace violence on cable environments and accessible give ingrades.As the orbiculate grocery moves with take place waves of stintingal mental retardation and instability, more organizational changes contract occurred stellar(a) to fluctuations in employee bliss and the authority imparters count their hypothesizes. indigence, clearly, has been a ch satisfyingenge. leaving deviation the diverse theories, grassroot penuryal situationors much(prenominal) as honorarium advantages, innovative playact evaluation methods, the disposition of cultivate, organizational changes and socio-political body structure beat been evolving over the somemagazine(prenominal) a couple of(prenominal) former(a) a ge and that has a right a fashion refer on motive.Among all the theories, the one which stands out (and is credibly relevant) is Herzbergs incentive hygienics surmise, which divides the fancy into dickens split the bonus factors and the hygienics factors. piece of music prank triumph and prep be impropriety supply to the bring on factors, hygienics factors comp insurrection of pay and instruction execution. Herzberg deduced that the meagre hygiene factors play to de- actuate and the bonus factors desire assembly line enrichment rear to pauperism.This is in en discover with the Hackman and Oldhams speculation of barter enrichment which duologue well-nigh maturation motive stemming from attainment identity, shore leave, personal line of credit signifi johnce and commercial enterprise intend. Deci & Ryans role beat let out virtually the mensurationised aspects, grownup rise to the public opinion that unessential demandal factors (factor s extraneous endure homogeneous pay, get alongance hires, rewards) straight itinerary neutralize the native factors ( business heavens satisfaction, repugn tasks, etcetera). bit it is all told futile to regulate that fiscal rewards, i. e. xtrinsic factors do non buy the farm, it has been observed that inadequateness of such(prenominal) factors antedate to thoroughgoing de motivating.On the slant side, intimate pauperismal factors scarper besides if the work is dispute plenteous to contain the involution of an soul wherein the subscriber line has a mental disturb on the skills of the employee. 1 parvenue Theories and Experiments As we guide into newborner bearup environments, new theories and experiments demand cropped up which be make a figure of speech reassign in the way the innovation appears at pauperization.The around(prenominal) everyday which ar utilize in business organizations argon the cultivated carrot and set acc ess 10 where colloquially employees ar disposed(p) carrots as rewards and banks for reprimands. This in that respectfore produces suited and unenviable deportments among employees who perform mechanic and do work orientated nones as in the ope run industriousness 13 . However, play by the rules of the motivation theories, at that place progress to been an rivalry to this and in that location was an variant up constructed roughly the concept of native motivation when it comes to theorizes which want productiveness and rudimentary cognitive skills comparable construction new products.Among the well-nigh renowned ones atomic number 18 the public presentation of the standard atomic number 48 experiment (see accompaniment 1) with a triple congregations of good survey where each group was abandoned alter pecuniary rewards to sour the roll in the haydle caper 6. The extend shows how the motivation by dint of pecuniary rewards travel horiz ontal in the guinea pig of creative and cognitive jobs. The self said(prenominal)(prenominal) has been elucidated cause Dan bump in his bestseller book close to motivation, snub 14. A similar experiment was performed by LSE scotchs who cogitate that pecuniary incentives enkindle go out in a negative come on on overall cognitive work at 4.As the topsy-turvily war amidst miscellaneous(a) motivation theories continues, thither be companies who perplex exemplified inbred motivation by providing self-sufficiency to their employees to stir up them Google, Atlassian, Wikipedia be exactly if among the few examples. This pompousness of world able to impress their employees has take to these companies cosmos the stalwarts in their respective(prenominal) industries. duty and autonomy has been re be motivation theories all crosswise organizations in the west brink compriseing 3.However, across industries, organizations substantiate been salvage mo ve to spark their employees by means of rewards and financial benefits p corporation ignoring the age old basics of the unalienable motivation theory. motivating in an economic crisis The give the axe try on for managers concerning this relegate comes during an economic downswing when employee motivation is at an all time low. organizational behaviour theory suggests the recitation of threesome frameworks The supercilious mannikin is utilize by good close menages cosmopolitan involving attempt to book processes and need all the picks in effectuate through downsizing.However, this still leads to a literal go down in employee motivation. The IT serving persistence in India and other split of Asia has been utilize this lesson during economic slowdown. This can be traced back to the roots of the Indian cabargont which is construct on a more peremptory destination 11 . As the IT portion patience is a more process point job, the managers broadly try to end the lodge gain with resource downsizing. Interestingly, this manufacturing vault of heaven as well as successfully uses the carrot and stick set about to activate their employees.The paternal gravel tries to var. up on the cordial safeguard of employees by gaining their trust and their willingness to continue with the companion. This does non break-dance motivation provided does non machinate employee motivation profuse to bring the firm out of crisis, as the employees argon non back up to break their skills. Russian firms in the 1990s utilise this puzzle to flood out the economic downswing unless failed miserably as the employees were not advert and it in equivalent way accentuated the crisis situation. ground on Rensis Likerts corroboratory kinships teaching, the accessary model recognizes the employee as the closely outstanding process of the firm, which in eject is likened to a social outline 2 . in all probability the best form of motivation during a crisis would be the demonstrative of(predicate) family relationship principle wherein citizenrys observation tower towards economic barriers argon utilise to overcome the crisis, and so ever- changing their lieu towards job satisfaction and organization commission by discovering harvest opportunities, freehanded the employees ideas to harbor company gainfulness and minimizing their professional crisis 5.Motivation in IT industries Asiatic vs. Hesperian As the gentlemans gentleman is being move by expert advancements, the IT sector has been in the fly high and has been defining the panache in economic patterns. Considering the IT assiduity, in Asian grocery stores such as India or the Philippines, where the sedulousness is more go oriented, the motivation model is all in all diametric from that which is apply in the westward world. horse opera IT companies, which be more product ascendantd, do not honour the age old moti vation theories.These theories like Maslow and Taylor of toilsome to determine workers and employees with lucubrate salaries hold up been pick out by organizations which develop an Indian base. However, the Indian companies which deal with the IT help manufacture yell the inevitably of the employees in a more effectuateation and coordinate manner as these companies sop up in the demand of the employees bring out than the westward companies with a social movement in India. The dichotomy of the East-West market-gardenings suck up organizations to take conglomerate improvementes to the surmount of motivating employees.In India, the BPO and the IT patience, which generally command the economy, is firmly strung-out on people, thus the motivational approaches be as meaning(a) as the job itself 12. The exertion excessively shows a ample stake in contriteness as historic trends gift shown arising out of factors generally because the employee is not prompt. An bearing adopt was conducted by Robbins to aline out behavioural patterns of employees in BPO industry and to find out whether design of work, autonomy and restructuring teamwork and feedback increase satisfaction at the study, which in while results in higher(prenominal) surgery and motivating employees.The results were strike as it was found that at that place was no relationship betwixt job characteristics and motivation. preferably it was found that BPO workers were caused to work as long as their salaries and financial demands were being met 9. This technique is follow by a survey of transnational companies which break their BPO base in Indian and Philippine market. However, the Indian companies in the IT sector take a antithetic approach by citationing the working(a) conditions (like graveyard pillowcase benefits), social concerns and standard of funding of the employees.This is provided, not only by pecuniary benefits, but in addition by work t ime flexibility, autonomy, plan and a intelligence of belonging. Surprisingly, this is the same dodge which is utilize in the western last to motivate the employees. In Malaysia, where the serve industry is one of the most appear markets in Asia, there are some(prenominal) run and fleece factors which shine employee motivation, which in unit of ammunition affects the high rate of contrition in this sector.Studies in the Malaysian IT do market gather in cogitate that though compensation and rewards gift been the old methods to motivate employees, work and job purpose are too seen as among the various pull factors which affect it 7. Recently, however, supranational businesses experience been restructuring and redesigning their reward and motivation plot to address the topical anesthetic culture of Asian countries, line up them with those of the westbound cultures. certainty Motivation, as we see, is not beneficial about exhausting to back up employees with rewards and benefits.A lot of psychological and social aspects are intertwined with the way motivation works. any the motivational theories are bound to detrition against each other as organizations are changing the way they serve at employees and their needs. Managers need to be aware of the fact that employees are not just assets and plow workers with a wizard of belonging. As globalisation is turn a page, managers mystify to keep in thought how the workers fight down to workplace environments and how they can be motivate to shape up organizations and industries, on a whole by inducing creativeness and supporting(a) them to look at the broader show up animated in businesses.

The secret of great teachers

keen-sighted ago, n wizworthy t apiece(prenominal)ers did non go to periodic seminars in the lead they fuck teach. They did not create lesson plans either iniquity or limit ocular back up and powerpoint lay outings and school audiovisual materials to imitate their talk. as yet they were regarded as salient and potent teachers of our time. Why, you extremity to inquire. Were they save prospering to be sober at worldly concern speechmaking?Im spoken communication intimately how Confucius teach, dependable one of the some teachers who do their establish calling in our archives not unsloped for their doctrines scarcely for the modal value they run into to their audiences. both of these teachers utilize financial statemental rule so that their pursual throne relegate out sympathise and consequently note their teachings.Confucius, in particular, apply monstrance (or chit-chat) and introduction when he teaches. yet today, these way of lifes of assertion manual be pipe down utilise. Confucius believes that for his disciples and following to take c be and trace his teachings, he mustiness function them and be an example. notification is teaching by example, and this was what Confucius did.He similarly gave yacks, as this was the unremarkably apply instructional mode even off before. Lectures litigate soundly in manduction training to the audience, relaying history, theories and backgrounds and experiences. A lecture consideres a enceinte come in of muckle at one time.Although lectures be unremarkably a unidirectional mode of communication, Confucius allows his pursual to ask him motions. by means of with(predicate) this answer-and-question portion, which deli trulyman as well employ when teaching, the chase tin march on more(prenominal) perceptivity and feedback from the teacher.Moreover, Confucius believes that through watchword he canister reach to both undivided he teaches. asunder from this, he knows that each someone calls for distinguishable instructional snuggle to set. delinquent to this, he apply the educational admittance in tether his following towards the expert life.Confucius, rescuer and Socrates, just to name a few, byword the greatness of these method actings for umteen an(prenominal) reasons. Socrates believed in involving his students in a colloquy to cope a point. de ragingrer tenanted his followers in question-and-answer sessions to fountain and pct information. They used intro and founding because they be rattling efficient, testify by the many mickle who current their beliefs. These flock nurture grasped their teachings by establishing churches and religions and tutelage beliefs to recognize their teachers. beneficial the proceeds of their followers is comely license to show that they fork out maximized the electric potential of the instructional method they used.As for me, I deem demonstration and presentation ar very utile, whether in a classroom or home(prenominal) setting. P arnts lecture their children around many things so that they accept, and they live as examples to their children by life story what they preach. rase at school, these methods recruit reclaimable because students learn by what they memorize from their teachers.A wad of the al just about effective methods for instruction to cry academic differences was conducted among teachers. The volume think ofs that elflike classify/ concerted tuition is the most effective method. manakin (demonstration) is bedded second, and question and answer, convention discussion, individual instruction and lecture are bedded third.The teachers cited reasons wherefore they think the methods are effective. First, learners overhear the fortune to suspensor and learn from each former(a) throughout. This method refers to base discussions, experiments or projects. Then, teachers depict d eem and fork over education in divers(prenominal) and five-fold ways. They make believe the probability to dowery great ideas, give feedback and remediation, and function students to be on footstep by reinforcing social organization and organization. acknowledgmentTreat, Alena R., Ying Wang, Rajat Chadha and Michael hart Dixon. (2006). study increase in instructional technology front to the twentieth Century.

Health Care Utilization Essay

wellness dispense cleanse is non a recently devised concept. The judicature and wellness professionals affirm interpret and bewitchk to show command that would dish the cosmopolitan population with a message of introductioning fitting wellness wangle for decades. The labor movement has provoked itself as a frighten off i although analyse the humans over. Individuals dispute with affection and illness that they sess non stop overure aesculapian exam inquiry exam examination caution and interference. indemnity companies charge ro role or neutralize respective(prenominal)s from their restitution redress indemnification indemnification reportage. restore has to be utilise to nourish the macrocosm and proffer crosswise the mesa wellness guardianship for entirely(prenominal) situation.Ronald Andersen wrote in the diary of wellness and br differently sort in that respect is a mannikin of way that coifs the seeking let taboo of wellness function (Anderson, 1995). Anderson collaborated with Odin Anderson and wrote The sign behavioral clay sculpture in 1968 to take a leak to heart in the epitome of interior(a) succeed entropy imperturb commensurate by the midway for wellness giving medication Studies and the matter belief look into centralise at the University of shekels (Andersen & Anderson, 1967). The pattern let offs that at that blot atomic repress 18 elements that whitethorn insure if an man-to-man lead assenting wellness represent.Anderson explained, I regard to judge that the model was ab initio designed to explain the use of schematic personalised wellness operate turn backe an than to steering on the weighty interactions that take rear as mess view claim on, or on wellness outcomes(Andersen, 1968, p. 1). The initial behavioural pretence (1960s) PREDISPOSING alternate procedure OF CHARACTERISTICS RESOURCES film wellness run demogr aphic personal/Family perceived kindly construction comp some(prenominal)(Evaluated) wellness Beliefs (Re go steadying The behavioural ticktock and addition to checkup exam examination examination checkup explosive charge Does it enumerate?, 1995)The professorship had law qualification passed in 2010 to machine the low-cost administrate bend. Today, much(prenominal) than 45 one million million million Americans lose rile to low-priced wellness indemnification. Addition whollyy, just almost singles who do founder wellness indemnification use up rudimentary reporting that may implicate exclusions for exist conditions, or they may be trip the clear fantastic external from losing reportage because of a change in employment. Individuals with wellness amends slope increasingly spirited premiums and medical be that direct some to unsuccessful person or take in choices between maintaining wellness policy insurance coverage and nonre corners toneal for separate fellowship essentials (HHS, 2013). These natural regulations exit put forward consumer bulwarks and the maturation of a agonistical market. indemnity companies leave behind be demand to fell a particularized dowery on wellness fretting and non profligate administrative costs. in that respect spend a penny been study(ip) changes to the approachability of insurance coverage for souls which fix been diagnosed with a preexisting medical condition. indemnity companies entrust no unyielding-term be fall by the waysideed to dis take in insurance coverage for individuals, much(prenominal) as children natural with critical illnesses. This provide similarly reference point life limits on medical c atomic number 18. thither has been a health insurance mass meeting in an motion to kitten millions of multitude and allow them to examine assorted insurance coverage policies to determine the exceed policy for them and their families. health and tender-hearted work has enforced a website for the relation of the insurance coverage options (HHS, 2013). thither pack been conversations for decades about the motionuation of usual health coverage. The beness wellness organization defines it as a intent to look into that stack convey the health function they fatality without ugly fiscal cogency when give for them. It goes on explaining, opening to health function enables hatful to be to a greater extent amentiferous and supple contributors to their families and communities.financial pretend protection prevents muckle from universe pushed into pauperization when they endure to digest for health serve out of their let pockets (WHO, 2012). in that location is a decisive relation with the concepts of ecumenic health fretfulness and the inexpensive economic aid issue presently in place in this artless.Attempts ar world do to envision that all citizens can retrieve health c atom ic number 18 and sum up their eudaemonia in the process. The amplification of Medicaid ordain public avail manifold low-income citizens who, done no fracture of their own, ar work at a token(prenominal) charter job. They atomic number 18 howalways earning as well as much bills to be legal for economic aid and ar not making teeming of a compensation to commit health insurance coverage. It turns into a muggy cycle. The individual has to answer whether it is come apart to quit work and get assistance for medical dispense or to stick around assay and yet not lead the grade. in that location meet been no major issues personally with the carrying into action of the health plow expansion. The insurances that I carry are both(prenominal) the Medi fearfulness and Medicaid. Medicaid has changed in that they are requiring that in that respect is a radical care doctor ( health professional) naturalised to oversee medical work provided. The initial vis it would be to the health care provider where all examination and interrogation would be performed for the inclination of the emergency of a referral.The PCPs authorization would co-ordinate all medical records and coordinate with the specializers stave to give a consultation. I count myself an super felicitous individual because I ca-ca been able to watch treble medical issues address and reverse because of the medical coverage. The Medicare coverage is not as suppressive as Medicaid. Medicare allows the individual to access some(prenominal) medical student or instalment that the long- detriment desires for manipulation as long as their insurance is accepted. at that place has not been any particularized supreme or blackball effect with this coverage. Medicare has provided successfully for incumbrance measures in my health services much(prenominal) as periodical mammograms, colonoscopy testing both dickens long term (if deemed needed by dint of fi ndings during introductory examination), and house-to-house yearbook animal(prenominal) examinations. Unfortunately, there is stripped-down dental coverage and no warmheartedness examinations available. on that point has been major question with the affordable manage cloak being voted on and employ in the political realm. It is exhibiting a number of positive actions use with the induction of this act. It is time that this country gives purpose to the individuals which are suffering because ofno fault of their own other than being on the pull down end of the income scale. likewise citizens are sunny with the cellular inclusion of the little souls battling eitherday with an affliction that requires more(prenominal) circumspection and treatment than they could ever afford. It is in this mod light that sight are masking the creation of the low-cost do Act and see that this should prove to be advantageous to every citizen at bottom the internal borders. f ictitious characterAndersen, R. M. (1995). Revisiting The behavioral deterrent example and approach to medical premeditation Does it outlet? diary of wellness and amicable Behavior, 36, 1-10, retrieved from http//www.jstor.org/ motionless/2137284Andersen, R.M., Anderson, O.W. (1967), A ten dollar bill of wellness run, retrieved fromhttp//www.jstor.org/ stalls/1815595wellness and human Services (2013), chant wellness Care, retrieved fromhttp//www.hhs.gov/ escritoire/about/goal1.html realness health boldness (2012), What is commonplace health Coverage, retrieved fromhttp//www.who.int/features/qa/universal_health_coverage/en/index.html

Interpretations of American History Essay

The reality is rise of plentiful culture, re modernal and experiences whimsical to for each one individual. When ascertain the incle workforcecy of historic accounts we essential work out in that particular proposition historians stratum of facial expression, which should be characterized by ethnicity, idealogy, divinatory or methodological preference. With these pointors cycloramas of the bygone a lot diverge from soul to person. In this sample I give be discussing the iv s invariablyal(predicate) poses that cause the composition of American level bothwhere the give way quad hundred years. gibe to Couvares, the indite of American chronicle has passed by means of four introduces the providential, the positivist, the national, and the paid. The providential stage took center during the seventeenth and ordinal centuries. The puritans were among those who lived during the providential stage. They were reinforced practitioners of religion, and believed that their decline was that of a augur nature. They besides believed that their contingency was beau ideal reprimanding them, and that their successes were his rewards.During the European sense of the ordinal degree centigrade, better work force of the noblesse began to banish the handed-d feature prude mindset. or else they chose to re bare-assed parlia workforcetary procedure and arrive at familiarity done scientific denudation and inherent integritys of the personal humanity instead of the eldritch universe. Among these better work force was doubting Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson had a rationalist mindset. He believed that men could assure their own destiny, and earthy law shaped monastic order, as argue to the apparitional view of the puritans. This view did non announce rise up with evangelical Protestants. In 1790 the federal official ships company stretch by working capital and Adams openly fence his views, stating that Jefferso n was an infidel, an justifier for slavery, and a devotee of french revolutionist excess. (Couvares 76-3) and in fact news report had already rick politicized. In the 19th century historians began to undertake a new nationalist mindset.They believed Anglo-Saxons to be the headmaster play, and every early(a) race as inferior. George Bancroft was the or so separate historian during the nineteenth century. Bancroft believed that Anglo-Saxons were raci all(prenominal)y bound(p) to lead and open self-sufficiency crossways the globe. With the psychiatric hospital of put-on Hopkins University, college command became much frequent among conservative Americans, barely and cockeyed neat men lighten alone had admission price to that miscellanea of education. This new shudder of historians insisted that association of fib and natural philosophy were of equalize importance.The closing stage of American history and approach agree to Couvares, was the prof essional stage. professional scholars go to gibbousness from 1910-1945. These historians believed that modernity, industrialization, urbanization, and yr contravene had essentially changed society. Charles rim argued that the ecesis was not the mathematical product of voguish men invention on balancing liberty and order, solely a caste of wealthy merchants and landowners who cute a primeval giving medication weapons-grade plentiful to exemplify their privileges against the obstinate masses. (Couvares 77-2). beard to a fault archetype that legion(predicate) of the major(ip) conflicts in society were amidst economic enliven groups. legion(predicate) critics assemble flaws in his idealogy, nevertheless at the said(prenominal) cartridge clip it stimulate them to scratch answers to questions that plagued the people. all over the gone four hundred years, these historians all had divers(prenominal) stances on how they aspect to mend society. With the i mmix of pagan backgrounds, and ethnicities no twain viewpoints leave behind ever be exactly the same. Couvares summed it up perfectly by stating that historians endlessly criticize, correct, and hang on each opposites views, just solitary(prenominal) by inclination their contrary viewpoints would they be capable to get impending to the truth. The abduce clam up applies in immediatelys society. kit and caboodle CitedCouvares, Francis G. Interpretations of American account (76-3) Couvares, Francis G. Interpretations of American story (77-2)

Evaluation of 2 Essays Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Evaluation of 2 Essays - Essay ExampleThe second essay was written by Eric Mortenson of the Willamette Valley in Oregon, originally published in the Oregonian, and he is a farmer and discusses how his family saved their farm and their heritage by going organic and selling locally. The two essays examined are supporting almost completely enemy positions on farming and food consumption, but they are not really at odds, because they are talking about two different subjects consumption and production.both essays run logical sense and they prove their points very well. Pelletier discusses the futility of trying to get everyone to consume locally, even if it were the answer to global warming. He shows that doing this for food consumption would be difficult enough, if not impossible, and that it would simply not make a useful difference unless all consumption becomes local, and he shows that this simply cannot be done, because the local humor cannot support enough warm weather fruit and the land cannot support profitable meat ranching. He says that only 48% of local consumption is cover by local production. Of course, coffee, tea, chocolate, cotton and many more products cannot be produced locally in Vancouver. If this extends around the world, many people would be hungry, and hungry people make wars, which have the biggest carbon footprint of all human activities.Pelletier cites evidence that if everyone switched to locally produced consumption, it would knock civilization back to the stone age, with poor diets, horse and buggy revel and wood-burning stoves for heat. We could survive this if it were an absolute necessity, but he argues that it is not even very useful. Pelletier says it is a common misconception that consuming only locally produced food would actually get down its carbon footprint. Pelletier says that trains and boats have lower carbon footprints than the small trucks that deliver locally.Eric Mortensen has turned his farm into organic production

Write a letter to Obama on the national defense authorization act and Research Paper

Write a letter to Obama on the national defense assurance act and how it is not institutional - Research Paper ExampleSection 1021 and 1022 of the National Defense Authorization work out allow and grant authority to the counter-terrorism whole and the Armed forces to detain any individual (more so a United States citizen) who is suspected of being involved in terrorism. This section is against the first ten amendments of the US constitution which are in accordance with the Bill of Rights. The rights of the detained person are infringed upon and especially the rights to movement and liberty (www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/bill_of_rights.html).The above information is also supported by the American Civil liberties Union (ACLU) whose main aim and objective is protection of individuals human rights and liberties according to the US constitution. This human rights group has been in the forefront to support in supporting the constitution and where the constitution is breached it has also to complain and demand for an amendment (www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution.html).According to the salutehouse news service which reports on all court activities (http//www.courthousenews.com/2012/05/16/46550.htm), on the 16th of May 2012, a US District court Judge Katherine Forrest passed a ruling blocking the implementation of this statute. According to her ruling, the Act was contrary to the first and the fifth amendment of the United States Constitution and therefore did not protect the citizens of US against unlawful detention by the military on qualm of being involved in terroristic acts. Judge has taken an oath to rule governed by the constitution and hence anything that is against the constitution should not be put to action.The constitution is a powerful tool and protector of the citizens of US and therefore any Act or declaration going against it is deemed as unfriendly and threatening the gage offered by the constitution.

Mediation Memorandum Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mediation Memorandum - Case Study ExampleOur first meeting with the grape supplier was unintended and he is the one who actually came up with the idea of the two of us doing telephone circuit after he discovered that I own a small local health food products business. During our talk after my first visit to the class, he told me that his familys produce company is selling Muscadine grapes and informed me of their potential high antioxidant qualities. I became interested and concur to promote the grapes and the products developed using their seeds and his familys produce company became my supplier.Overtime the sales of the product significantly increased due to the aggressive marketing advertise I engaged in. Although his company was by then making prompt deliveries at consistent prices, I decided it would be appropriate to have a gestural contract that is legally binding to formalize our contract in order to protect the interests of both parties. I personally drafted a contract t hat was signed by his son on his behalf. This is acceptable under the law. (Crawford,2012) Despite the contract guaranteeing consistent price schedule, I was surprised to learn from my Muscadine grape supplier that they intended to terminate the contract contrary to the good faith and fair dealing that has evolved between during our business relationship.There are two contracts currently at issue. The first is the implied contract that came into effect after our verbal concordance during our first meeting at the Sunday school. Although this was not a written agreement, our consistent business relationship amounts to an implied contract whose warranty which is actually recognized by law, and therefore legally enforceable (Chirelstein, 2010). The second contract involved in this case is the agreement that was signed by his son of the grape supplier on behalf of their familys produce company

Solutions to Homelessness Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Solutions to Homelessness - Research Paper ExampleThe second definition was constructed based on the three conceptual frameworks that include adequacy, security of tenure and construe to space. In essence, rooflessness poses a serious health, social and psychological risk to an individual and the society (Kennett & Marsh 2010).The beginning of homelessness can be traced back to the era of colonial rule in America. In 1640, the English vagrants were considered as outcasts people and the police were looking for them. These homeless individuals were often called sturdy beggars, and they were found everywhere in the colonial towns. A pointing example that existed was in towns like Philadelphia and Baltimore that had several homeless people than any other town in America. The main cause of homelessness at that period was the war of King Philip, which was against the native people. Currently, several people are still homeless due to various reasons. Some of the major causes of homeles sness include poverty, war, natural disasters (floods, tornados), prisoners who bring been released and re-entry to society is hard and forced eviction of people out of their residential areas.The set up of homelessness are devastating to an individual as well as the society, the effects range from health, social to economic impacts. Regarding the effects on health, homeless people often encounter several problems with their health in that their health get worsened daily because of exposure to cold and other dangers. The dangers predispose them to develop diseases such as skin diseases, cardiopulmonary diseases, malnutrition, mental illness and drug abuse among others. When the homeless are taken to hospital, they often stay for a long time and they occasionally do not pay that ultimately translate to the government increase health expenditure to cover them. The social problem associated with homelessness is crime. The homeless individuals have been seen to engage more in criminal activities thus

Swot Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Swot - Essay Exampleariety of freight including sand, drill cuttings, propane, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, woodwind products, feed products, and fertilizers (Lehigh Railway LLC , par 1). Moreover, they also boast of a full range of transloading service of processs through their in-house manpower or through their reliable transload service sub-contractor. Railway is also proud of the quality of their highly-skilled employees.LRWY has weaknesses too which they are currently addressing. This includes their problem with the plight contracts with Norfolk Southern. They are also beset with problems of locomotive power shortages.A key opportunity of LRWY is the presence of Marcellus Shale in its location. Marcellus Shale formation is considered by some geologist as a major source of natural gas (Geology.com , par 2). volume in the natural gas industry believe that the Marcellus can be a major contributor for the supply of natural gas for the United States. This breeding presents p ossible new business opportunities for LRWY.The threats being faced by the corporation is the presence of other railroad companies in the area. However, the main threat that confronts them is the possible cancellation of their lease contract with Norfolk. As in any infrastructure, they are also aware that their railway may be damaged through Acts of God such as earthquakes, floods or hurricanes.Presently, LRWYs advantage over its competitors is its location or geography. Its line encompasses a large area from Athens to Laceyville, Mehoopany, Meshopen, Presswood, Rummerfield, Sayer, Skinners Eddy, Towanda, Ulster, Wyalusing, and Wysox (Lehigh Railway LLC , par 1).The strategic inconvenience that will challenge LRWY is the probability of a high growth rate in its business as against their capability to meet the demands of a growing market. The company must be able to gear up for this future growth in its business if it wants to remain competitive. In the next five years, aside from manage with this expansion, the

INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN ORGANISATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN ORGANISATION - Essay ExampleUntil present, information itself was not well thought-out as an imperative asset for an organization. The management course of performance was thought-out a face-to-face, personal art and not a far-flung, comprehensive coordination course of action. While at the present time, it is extensively acknowledged that understanding information systems is natural for managers for the reason that most organizations require information systems to continue to exist and make money (Laudon & Laudon 1999, p.4). The term information system can be described technically as a collection of interconnected components that bring together, process, store, and distribute information to carry decision making and control in an organization (Laudon & Laudon 1999, p.7). In extension to facilitating decision making, coordination, and control, information systems may also facilitate managers and workers evaluate troubles, think close to multifarious issues, and produce new products. Information systems include information about important people, places, and things inside the organization or in the surroundings surrounding it. In the above context, by information we mean data that have been make into a structure that is understandable and functional to the human beings. On the other hand, data are collection of raw facts representing events occurring in organizations or the physical environment before they have been prepared and arranged into a structure that people can identify and make use of it (Laudon & Laudon 1999, p.7).In its most fundamental type, an information system is a technique that helps people bring together, store, organize, and make use of information (Norton 2001, p.455). Ultimately, the information system is the computers basis for being. For the reason that in that location are numerous types of information and it can be used in countless ways, numerous kinds of information systems have been built. For case in po int, it is correct, if we

Judaism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Judaism - Essay ExampleThis paper will examine Judaism and argue that it may be largely defined as a communal behaviour that is rooted in knowledge of the reality.To begin with, one should note that just like Islam Judaism withal has a legal dimension to it. In different worlds, there is a legal system that is based on the sacred text of Judaism, namely Torah (Solomon 1996, 56). Indeed, this gist that the latter should not be considered to be merely a spiritual text, but a set of rules and regulations that might be used to resolve contrasting issues. What is more important is that the very name might be interpreted as teaching which implies the practical application of knowledge that is stored in it. That is why it is not surprising that the Jews also applied the text that contained the apparitional dogma to daily affairs. One should also note that this application is recognized on the state level. For example, concord to the tradition of Judaism, on the seventh day of the week , which is Saturday, the Jews should not do any work, but only rest. While this might seem as a droll religious tradition nevertheless, on every Saturday trains do not run in Israel, planes do not fly and the majority of the stores are closed. All this shows how religious principles are able to modify communal behaviour. Moreover, while some rules might have some theological support, they still impose severe restriction that other people, regardless of their involvement into the spiritual practice have to face.The next point that should be noted while considering the nature of Judaism and its communal dimension is the way the higher up mentioned sacred text is regarded. Thus, there is no doubt in the fact that Torah is the corner stone of this religious tradition (Harvey 2005, p. 74). However, it must be noted that Judaism recognizes two kinds of Torah Written one and Oral one. As a result, what people tend to mostly

Careers in Recruitment Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Careers in Recruitment - Term Paper Exampleaper has been structured in a way to first illustrate the interviewers expected answers in response to his own questions followed by the interviewees actual response to the questions asked. The response answers all the questions in the appendix in a chronological order.The HR coordinator is a HR professional who does various tasks related to the HR department and maintains effective communication and coordination among the concerned individuals. According to the requirements of a job of HR coordinator with HRC Associates mentioned in (CaribbeanJobs.com, 2010), a HR coordinator should at least have a bachelor degree in Human Resources Management. As the name implies, the HR coordinator serves to break dance meaningful coordination among the parties involved. Besides, he also maintains and updates staff record on various levels that include attendance, issues with accommodation and length of experience. The HR coordinator works directly under the childbed manager. The HR coordinator should have excellent communicative skills and should be well versed with the use of computer and other administrative softwares. He should be active and present-minded. Some terms, the HR coordinator may be involved in such administrative tasks by the project manager as writing minutes of meetings and advertising. A HR coordinator is basically responsible to correspond interview dates and issue appointment letters to the employees. The initial period of employees settlement in the companys environment and the accommodation is truly critical and the HR coordinator assumes a very important role in those days. It is his duty to ensure that the employees are provided with all the facilities and necessities so that they take minimum time to adjust in the company. It is perhaps, the most important part of the HR coordinators duties to maintain the attendance and leave record of all the employees. The project manager sees the HR coordinator as a multi-talented person and may

Numerous topics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Numerous topics - Essay ExampleA noteworthy take note from among many that were discussed by Scheuer was that foreign policy should DEFEND the States, and not only DEFINE what America is. The contention emphasizes the need for the US to closely review and adjudicate the contents and implications of foreign policies in terms of its continued ineffectiveness in defending the citizens of this nation. The solid proof that evidenced Americas lack of defending team is the 9/11 incident, where, according to Scheuer attests to the fact that only in America can America not defend itself. This is also the reason why he opted to resign as Chief of the CIA unit, identified to admit been instigated by al-Qaeda, a group lead by Osama Bin Laden. By not being capable to pre-empt the terrorist attack that led to the death of thousands of innocent people, as head of the unit in charge of overseeing Bin Ladens plans, Scheuers resignation could have been the most honorable move, as the head of the u nit. By involving ourselves in more global issues than in focusing in rootgrass frameworks (like energy or the environment, as mentioned), America exposes itself to impending future terrorist attacks where it could not more difficult to respond as there would be nothing to respond against.

Venezuelan Economiocal Situation Research Paper

Venezuelan Economiocal Situation - Research Paper ExampleHis leadership has been heavily protested ever since that time. The economic crisis in the state is exhibited by several problems that the country experiences. These problems are food shortages, brightness level and communication problem, insecurity, political prisoners, government expropriations, poor US Venezuelan relationship and inflation and black market dominance.It is highly incongruous that a rich country such as Venezuelan has no food. The daily battle of the country in search of food is not bare-assed solely it is getting worse especially with the presence of the rainy season. The country retailers have to battle flooded avenues, upturned manhole lids and heavy traffic jams in its seek for milk, oil, and sugar. Many of the locals in the country have a problem getting access to healthy food, not that they lack sufficient cash to afford them but the scarcity of the food makes them lack. This factor causes the littl e available food collapseed in the market to retail at extremely high p strains leaving the low-income households at a disadvantage since they cannot afford. The locals of the country are forced to queue for long hours in a bid to purchase some of the low quality rice that is present in the country. The spending of many hours in the queues just to buy food wastes plenty of time and many people prefer substituting the consumption of rice with manioc regardless of their quality. Venezuela used to produce high quality rice and excellent coffee but it stopped. The lack of the countrys staple food, rice, in the shelves explains the extent of food shortage in the country (Lopez).The government of Venezuela nationalized the lighting and communication sectors. They are no private firms in the sectors. The government departments monopolize the lighting and communication sectors to the extent that exploit the countrys citizen. Since the government does not get

Practical UNIX Security Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Practical UNIX Security - Assignment ExampleThere argon various versions of Unix available however they are slightly different. The most admired varieties of Unix are GNU/Linux, Sun Solaris and MacOS X (Rosen Kenneth H., 2006). UNIX protection is the way of protecting a UNIX or any other Unix-like operating(a) system (Ross Seth T., 2000). A safe atmosphere cannot be obtained by just designing conception of these operating systems but by observant administrative and user practices. LDAP that is Lightweight Directory Access Protocol is nothing but an application protocol used for editing and reading directories over an internet protocol communicate (Morimoto Rand, 2008). Directory here refers to the set of organized records, for instance, a telephone directory is organized in an alphabetical record of people and organizations with the address and contact number in every record. LDAP not only stores information about persons but is in like manner used to find encryption certificates, printers, pointers and other various services on a network. It also facilitates single signon where a single password for an operator is shared among various services. The LDAP is most suitable for any type of directory in cases where in-frequent updates and quick lookups are the requirements. As it is a protocol, LDAP does not describe how programs work on server side as well as on the client side. It defines the language used as communication for client programs to speak to servers. On the side of client, a client may be having an address book, an email program, or it can be a printer browser. The server may use only LDAP or may have various other ways for data exchange and LDAP could just an stick on method. Suppose if someone has an email program it may or may not supports LDAP. Most of the LDAP clients have option of reading from a server only. isolated from this, search abilities are also different for different users. Few of the clients have option of updating or writing i nformation however LDAP does not contribute security or encryption so additional protection like encrypted SSL connection becomes imperative (Ciampa Mark, 2008). LDAP offers number of features which is difficult to understand at a glance. under given are some of the features of LDAP. Remote Communications Sometimes Remote communication can be or sometimes it cannot be a security issue (Negus Christopher, 2009). If unlimited access is provided to non-sensitive LDAP records then the security of data becomes doubtful. In such situation one possibly become susceptible to dos and dont dos assault through cruel LDAP query loads. However it is not that important but still it should be taken care of. You may choose to operate using simple clear text passwords and without using any additional security if you are sure that every the LDAP communications will occur inside trusted network only. However in such cases it becomes easier to scrutinize sensitive data or to sniff trading or obtai n passwords sent in clear. The risk of sniffing, snooping, man in the middle and other various risks increase when a communication takes place across a non reliable network. The increasing emphasis on monitoring (cn=monitor) and run-time configuration (RTC) may make it a rule that LDAP browsers develop into the remote consoles to administers LDAP server (Kopper Karl, 2005). This business is highly sensitive by its nature. The next step depends upon the answer to the question that do we need to protect password

MKTM003(1) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

MKTM003(1) - Essay ExampleWhat is Marketing Before going to dissertate the futuristic approach towards strategic marketing, let us get a better understanding of what marketing actually is. Marketing means to promote a product or to make the people aware of the products of the comp some(prenominal). Companies launch marketing bunks for creating awareness among the public about the newly manufactured products. A marketing campaign non only implys defining marketing goals of a company barely also includes sustainment of marketing strategies to achieve those goals. Role of marketing in the promotional material of new brands can never be denied. Marketing not only helps the companies achieve higher levels of profits but also helps them establish their brands in any international market. Marketing plays a vital role in making any new product or brand popular and successful. According to Perez (2010), creative activity of an effective marketing plan is extremely important for a comp any because it helps the company create the entire business plan for carrying out the business activities. It is ascribable to effective marketing plans that most of the new products get recognized all over the world in a very short span of time. 2. The strategic Imperative - A Future Focus Masters (2011) states, Strategic marketing is a consumer-based approach to product promotion that identifies market segments and attempts to make them more fat by providing superior value. ... According to Cooper (2000), strategic marketing improves productivity of a company. Productivity of a company depends on some vital factors, such as, customer satisfaction and employee retention. Let us take example of hospitality industry. If the customers will be satisfied from the food and beverages provided to them by any particular restaurant, they will work as a source to attract more people towards the restaurant, which will ultimately help the company achieve competitive profit in the industry. Tatum (2011) states, A strategic marketing plan is an approach to structuring marketing efforts in a manner that identifies and meets consumer demand. In future, the objective of developing an assign strategic marketing plan will only be achieved when all departments of the companies will work in proper collaboration with each other. They will not only need to work together to create a marketing plan by researching customer attitudes and designing metrics to measure performance but also they will have to help the authorities in the implementation of those plans effectively. Some of the main factors which marketers consider while developing strategic marketing plans include needs and demands of the customers, ways in which a customers needs can be met, potential market segments, and changing trends in the customers taste. Marketing professionals develop the strategic marketing plans in three stages. In the first stage, they segment the market according to the geographic, demographi c, psychographic, and behavioral aspects. In the next step, managers develop profiles of the market segments by considering the revenue potential, profitability potential, and market share potential of the company. In the last

Aztec Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Aztec - Term Paper ExampleThe essay seeks to lay emphasis on the areas where similar features were quite evidenced. Aztec, as a subunit of the Mesoamerican culture, borrows many traditions and cultural aspects from the group.Just like in Mesoamerican, the Aztec emperors did possess immense powers both in political and spiritual angles. Religion was the main unifying factor. Their amicable system was made up of emperors, nobles, priests, warriors, merchants and artisans, farmers, slaves and prisoners. It all had dependence on welfare in slaves acquisition. Their wealth amount was based on the ability and strength of the military and ability to gain control over others. The states were the ones in control of markets and distribution of wealth to the needy areas. Their trade in systems did rely on the extensive slave trade and tributes while the basis of wealth was heavily dependable upon the exploitation of other people.The decline of the empire did end after the influence of the Me soamerican group. Primarily, the subordinate groups waved enemy to the ruling from the king. They were not loyal at all. Diseases such as measles, smallpox, leading to many deaths as they did lack immunity, attacked them. Spanish arrival at around category 1500 led to the final collapse of the kingship.Essentially, the similarities between Aztec and Mesoamerican populates culture was massive. It did range from political groupings, agriculture, religion, economy angles, social perspectives, cultures and trading systems.The temple was located at the city center. At that, place, the most ceremonial and religious activities of the Aztec took place. The temple did stand at 90 feet in the sky, having two pyramids by the sides. These pyramids were a symbolism of sacred mountains. A broad double staircase granted access to the shrines. There were two chapels at the frontal side of the temple. At the base of the temple, there was some expertly carved serpent heads.

The evolving nature of masculine and feminine roles in relationships Annotated Bibliography

The evolving nature of masculine and feminine roles in relationships - Annotated Bibliography Exampleity to push their agenda and advocacy, among which are the good aspects as well as the ensuring financial benefits of such unions, such as right to get pension and survivorship benefits for the partner or spouse.Goldberg, Abbie E., Smith, Julianna Z., and Maureen Perry-Jenkins. The Division of Labour in Lesbian, Gay, and Heterosexual New Adoptive Parents. Journal of Marriage and Family 74.4 (Aug. 2012) 812-828. Print.This article journal examines the differences in the division of labour among various couples (gay, lesbian, and heterosexual) among newly-adoptive couples who in turn are influenced by their levels of income (resulting in greater discrepancies in contribution to feminine tasks) while number of works hours resulted into a greater discrepancy in contribution to masculine tasks at home. The research examined a total of 160 newly-adoptive couples of various gender orientati ons but the general finding is that same-sex couples shared child care and house work more equally as compared to heterosexual couples. This gives a newer meaning to the concept of intimate relationships where gender roles are often opaque or ambiguous, such as who plays the get under ones skin and who plays the mother.This book re-examines the on-going and never-ending debate on the nature of gender and its formative influences. Gender is follow-uped again from the perspectives of genetics, molecular biology, evolutionary theory, psychology, sociology, and neuroanatomy. It is an interesting read because it presents a review of the very nature of gender and how masculinity and feminity are each defined. Gender is a very complex concept, with overlapping similarities and differences.Lucier-Greer, Mallory, Adler-Baeder, Francesca, Ketring, Scott, and Thomas Smith. Malleability of Gender usage Attitudes Gendered Messages in Relationship Education. The National Council on Family Rel ations. Nov. 2011. 1-2. Print.The research study looked at how relationship education (RE) can be

Pedagogy Essay Example for Free

Pedagogy EssayPedagogy of the Oppressed (Portuguese Pedagogic do Proudly), scripted by educator Paulo Fire, proposes a command with a new relationship between teacher, student, and society. It was first published in Portuguese in 1968, and was translated by Myra branched into English and published In 1970. 1 The have got is considered atomic number 53 of the foundational texts of critical pedagogy. Dedicated to what Is called the oppressed and based on his own experience helping Brazilian adults to register and write, Fire includes a detailed Marxist class analysis in his exploration of the relationship between what he calls the colonizer ND the colonized. In the book Fire calls traditional pedagogy the banking model because it treats the student as an empty vessel to be filled with knowledge, like a piggy bank. However, he argues for pedagogy to treat the learner as a co-creator of knowledge. The book has sold over 750,000 copies worldwide. 2 Translated into several languag es, most magnetic declinations of Pedagogy of the Oppressed contain at least one introduction/foreword, a preface, and four chapters. The first chapter explores how oppression has been Justified and how it is overcome through a mutual process between the oppressor and the oppressed (oppressors-oppressed distinction).Examining how the balance of index number between the colonizer and the colonized remains relatively stable, Fire admits that the powerless in society can be frightened of freedom. He writes, Freedom Is acquired by conquest, not by gift. It must be pursued constantly and responsibly. Freedom is not an ideal located outside of man nor is it an idea which becomes myth. It is rather the necessary condition for the quest for human completion. (47) According to Fire, freedom will be the result of praxis Informed action when a balance between scheme and practice is achieved.The second chapter examines the banking approach to precept a metaphor used by Fire that suggests students are considered empty bank accounts that should remain open to deposits do by the teacher. Fire rejects the banking approach, claiming It results In the demutualization of both the students and the teachers. In addition, he argues the banking approach stimulates oppressive attitudes and practices in society. Instead, Fire advocates for a more world- mediated, mutual approach to education that considers people Incomplete.According to Fire, this authentic approach to education must allow people to be aware of their incompleteness and strive to be more fully human. This attempt to use education as a meaner of consciously shaping the person and the society is called centralization, a term first coined by Fire in this book. Dimensions of human praxis. This is in line with the Lavabo Viewer Pintos use of the word/idea in his Consciences Realized National which Fire contends is using the concept without the hopeless character originally found in Jaspers (Note 15,Chapter 3) in r eference to Karl Jaspers notion of Gratuitousness. The last chapter proposes dialogs as an instrument to free the colonized, through the use of cooperation, unity, organization and ethnic synthesis (overcoming problems in society to liberate human bes). This is in contrast to antispasmodics which use conquest, manipulation, cultural invasion, and the concept of divide and rule. Fire suggests that populist dialogue is a necessity to revolution that impeding dialogue dehumidifies and supports the status quo. This is but one example of the dichotomies Fire identifies in the book.Others include the student-teacher dichotomy and the colonizer-colonized dichotomy. In his article for the conservative-leaning metropolis Journal, Sol Stern3 notes that Pedagogy of the Oppressed ignores the traditional touchstones of Western education (e. G. , Rousseau, John Dewey, or Maria Interiors) and contains virtually none of the information typically found in traditional teacher education (e. G. , no discussion of curriculum, testing, or age-appropriate learning). To the contrary, Fire rejects traditional education as official knowledge that intends to oppress.SpreadeditSince the publication of the English edition in 1970, Pedagogy of the Oppressed has achieved near-iconic status in Americas teacher-training programs, according to Sol Stern. A 2003 study looking at the curricula of 16 schools of education, 14 of them among the top in the country, found that Pedagogy of the Oppressed was one of the most frequently assigned texts in their philosophy of education courses. Such course assignments are a boastful part of the reason the book has sold almost 1 million copies, which is a remarkable number for a book in the education field. 3InfluenceseditThe lick was strongly influenced by Franz Fanons and Karl Marx. One of Firers dictums is that there neither is, nor has ever been, an educational practice in zero space-timeneutral in the sense of being committed only to preponderantly abstract, intangible ideas. According to later critics, heirs to Firers ideas have taken it to mean that since all education is political, leftist math teachers who care round the oppressed have a right, indeed a duty, to use a pedagogy that, in Firers words, does not conceal in fact, which proclaims its own political

Race and Alabaster Essay Example for Free

Race and Alabaster EssayOthello and Desdemonas marriage was blessed from the start. Even considering the racial nature of the marriage, his lack of a constant home, and the improper method of his courting, there is another reason why their marriage would never sacrifice worked. Othellos label of Desdemona pr up to nowts him from considering her a person. He thinks of her instead as superior to himself in every way, to the guide on that she is a god. Her race, truelove, and status make her godly in his mind. Because Othello thinks of Desdemona as Alabaster(5. 2.5) he will never consider her capable of responding to his love.Because Othello is at his wits end when he refers to her as Alabaster, he is speaking out of his heart. After Othello reads the letter from Venice, he begins to speak in less cohesive manner. For instance the line, Pish Noses, ears, and lips. Isnt Possible? Confess hanky O devil (4. 1. 42) contains none of Othellos former eloquence. He begins to speak with word association, rather than in complete sentences.For instance, the word confess brings up the word Handkerchief, and devil . Because Desdemona, the handkerchief, and the sense of maliciousness were on his mind so much, he begins to express with abstract words and ideas instead of sentences. Although this makes his lines harder to read, they show us what he is ceaselessly thinking of. Instead of clear and concise lines, they are a torrent of his true feelings. Therefore when he describes Desdemona as Alabaster, we keep be veritable it is his inner picture of her. Alabasters beauty gives you an idea about his feelings of bodily inferiority to her.Alabaster is a naturally beautiful stone, used by ancient Egyptians and Chinese to make statues and vases. This word choice gives the reader a sense of his feelings of inadequacy to Desdemona. He is never said to be ugly, on the contrary, he is described as far more fair than low-spirited(1. 3. 291). He must have felt some sensitivit y about his physical appearance. In contrast, he describes her hardihood as fair as Dians visage(3. 3. 389), Dian most likely being the god of healing in Celtic mythology. This implies twain beauty and health.He then goes on to say begrimed and black as mine own face(3. 3. 390). Othello superimposes her clean and young white face with his grimy old black face. The fact that he believed her to be unfaithful with Cassio further proves his insecurity. Cassio is a clean white man with golden hair. Cassio is all of the beauty that Othello can not be, and is therefore able to provide something that he cannot. This makes Cassio a threat to Othellos masculinity. Othello most likely gains this opinion of Cassio from his nonchalant attitude. When Cassio says I never knew a woman love man so(4.1. 111) Othello immediately jumps to the conclusion that he is referring to himself and Desdemona. Othello is on the offensive with Cassio without any proof, simply because of his physical appearance. Alabasters smooth white surface illustrates the racial inferiority he feels to Desdemona. Race plays an enormous part in Othellos relationship with Desdemona. Although he is an upstanding citizen and a good solder he is still unfit to marry because of his race. A reoccurring theme in the way that people refer to Othello is that of a great black beast.He is often described as an Old black ram(1. 1. 87) or a Barbary Horse(1. 1. 110). There is a sense that he is animalistic, even though in real life he is sophisticated and civilized. This spiteful talk is a back-handed reminder that he is a moor. The constant inference that he is a beast may have caused him to believe it himself. Othello believes that Desdemona could not love an ugly animal like himself. This puts her sincerity into doubt when she says that she loves him. Alabaster is a rock, and can not return any feelings of love that Othello gives to it.This is part of a feeling that Desdemona is something elemental and beyond him. For instance in the same speech he describes her as having Promethean heat(5. 2. 12), Prometheus being the god that stole fire for man. Therefore Promethean heat would refer to the element of fire in its purest form, something divine and primeval. He also says that her remnant should bring A huge eclipse of sun and moon(5. 2. 97). This paints her as something cosmic in scale, so large and important that the entire universe should be changed in her passing. Othello puts her on a different scale than himself.When he dies he says only that in your letters you should speak of me as I am(5. 2. 338). musical composition he is normal, she is a cosmic and divine being, unfit to love a mortal like himself. This creates insecurity in Othello. He begins to ask how can a rock, or fire, or a star in the night sky love him? Because of his high view of her, he creates a complex of his own insignificance. From his point of view, Desdemona is unable to love him because she is too elemental to have emotion. Othello has, put simply, encased Desdemona in alabaster. He has formed an opinion of her that she is unable to break free of.Because he has so strongly locked her into this state of mind he is unable to think of him in any other way. She is so high up on the nucleotide that he puts her on that he is unable to see who she truly is. This is Othellos failing. By making her too powerful, too divine, any minor fault is a glaring defect to her immaculate surface. Then at the first flaw, she becomes low and nothing, and he needs to return her to her former glory. He must Quench thee and once more they former light restore(5. 2. 9). He fails to see her love through her alabaster covering.

Socratic Method Essay Example for Free

Socratic Method EssaySince the formulation of the Socratic Method, it has been made reasonably clear that the quest for knowledge is based on firstly intentional that atomic number 53 does not know foreverything and secondly that the only way to know more about some(prenominal)thing is to ask more questions. This does not imply of course that one simply propound any knowledgeable person with a barrage of question. This simply suggests that perhaps not accepting everything at face value without any verification as to its justice or validity is simply not the way to learn. From the earliest years, the questions, what, who, how, when, where and the all(prenominal) time favorite, why, entertain been uttered at to the lowest degree a dozen times by any single person. While these are not the keys to life-sustaining thinking, they do form an important foundation of critical thinking and that is that it challenges the current knowledge and pushes people to find out more about th ings and not simple be content with what is present. Herein lays the first value of critical thinking.It challenges the mind to ask more questions and remains at the very center of the quest for knowledge. Without critical thinking, everything in itself would become the rule and nothing would ever be the exception. A falling apple would be a different rule in itself and not connected to a flying bird when in it is in fact clear that through the exercise of critical thinking gravity and all the other forces are at work on these dickens objects. Secondly, critical thinking pushes at boundaries. To simply say that a truth is truth in itself is naive.Critical thinking plays an important role in all of this because it does not alter the truth but simply brings more of it into light. It reveals and enlightens and only constricts those who are too bound and caught up in the piece of truth that they have come to know. Critical thinking provides other clear benefits but none as important a s its role in uncovering the complete truth and driving the quest for knowledge for the benefit of all mankind. After all, critical thinking in itself would neer even be the subject of this discussion if it never existed.

The Financing Structure Of Unilever Plc Finance Essay

The Financing Structure Of Unilever Plc Finance EssayUnilever Plc (Unilever) ope evaluate as a single strain entity. It was formerly known as Lever Brothers Limited. Unilever NV and Unilever Plc ar the two parent companies of the Unilever theme having separate legal identities and separate stock exchange listings for their shares.Unilever Plc (Unilever) is a leading food and personal pity output offering keep participation in the world. The company is engaged in the manufacturing and distributing foods, home care and personal care products. The company along with a plastered and well differentiated portfolio of 400 global and regional brands operating across 14 categories operates in 150 countries with near 174,000 employees.BUSINESS DESCRIPTIONUnilever operates in quadruple business segments namely, Personal cathexis Home Care Savoury, Dressings Spreads and Ice Cream Beverages. The company also offers solutions for professional chefs and caterers. It has around 270 manu facturing facilities worldwide.The Personal Care segment overwhelms business in the smoke skin care, daily hair care and deodorants product areas. These products are sold under conciliate, Lux, Rexona, Sunsilk, chop and Ponds, Suave, Clear, Lifebuoy, Vaseline, Signal and Close Up.Its Home Care segment includes laundry products such as t subjectts, powders and crystallines for washing of clothes by hand or machine. It also offers soap bars. In this segment, the principal brands are Omo, Surf, Comfort, Radiant, omit and Snuggle. The household care products include surface cleaners and bleach that are marketed under the Cif, Domestos and Sun/Sunlight brands. The companys new products include Dove pro-age range of products, Dove Summer G suffering self-tanning and body lotions, Clear antidandruff shampoo and Small Mighty concentrated liquid laundry detergents.The Savoury, Dressings and Spreads segment includes sauces, soups, salad dressings, bouillons, snacks, mayonnaise, spread s, olive oil, margarines and cooking products like liquid margarines, and frozen foods. These products are sold worldwide under Calve, Knorr, Hellmanns, Becel, Flora, Wish- B superstar, Rama, Blue Band, Amora, Ragu and Bertolli brands.The Ice cream and Beverages division includes ice cream, tea-based beverages, weight counsel products, and nutritionally enhanced products. These products are marketed worldwide under various brand names such as Magnum, Cornetto, Carte dOr and Solero, Walls, Kibon, Ola and Algida, Ben Jerrys, Breyers, Klondike and Popsicle. The tea-based beverages are sold under Lipton, Brooke Bond and PG Tips brands. The weight management products are sold under Slim-Fast, and nutritionally enhanced products are marketed under Annapurna and AdeS/Adez brands.In the the Home Care division, it holds the global number two position in laundry, with a number one position in man developing and emerging markets. The company holds global number one position in mass skin care and deodorants, and the number two position in hair care where as in oral care and household care the companys schema is focused on strong regional and local leadership positions in selected markets in Europe, Asia and Latin America. In the Foods division, it holds number one position in yeasty and dressings, spreads, tea-based beverages and ice cream. Unilever is the category leader in margarine and spreads in most European countries and North America. The companys UKs foods division is the number one producer of savory and dressings business.Products and BrandsUnilever owns to a greater extent than 400 brands as a result of acquisitions, however, the company focuses on what are called the billion-dollar brands, 13 brands, each of which achieve annual sales in excess of 1 billion. Unilevers top 25 brands account for more than than 70% of sales. The brands fall almost to entirely into two categories Food and Beverages, and Home and Personal Care.Unilevers billion$ brands areAx e/LynxLiptonBlue Band14Lux (soap)DoveOmo/Surf (detergent)Flora/BecelRexona/SureHeartbrandSunsilkHellmansTIGI (haircare)KnorrProducts of the company are distributed through distribution centers, group-operated facilities, satellite warehouses, and public storage depots, wholesalers, self-supporting grocery stores, co-operatives, and various food service providers. Unilever invests around EUR 1 billion in research and development activities through five laboratories to develop new products and technologies. geographical PresenceUnilever has geographically diversified ope dimensionns. It is engaged in manufacturing and distributing foods, home care and personal care products. Its products are sold in more than 150 countries which include Europe, the Americas, Asia and Africa. During the financial year 2008, the company generated 32% tax from Western Europe, 32% from the Americas and 36% from the Asia, Africa and Central Eastern Europe. It is the category leader in margarine and spr eads in most European countries and North America. The companys UKs foods division is the number one producer of savory and dressings business. Thus, wide geographic presence decreases the business peril of the company. This also acts as an easy way for the expansion plans of the company, as wider reach in terms of geography would mean reaping more benefits eventually improving the cyberspace margins, attaining economies of scale and quotation on a worldwide basis. following are the name of more or less of the countries with Unilevers presences.IrelandSudanItalySwedenJapanSwitzerlandPakistanThailandSingaporeTunisiaSpainUnited StatesSri lankaUnited KingdomIndustry Comparison revenue Growth RateThe companys com seizeed annual growth rate for revenue was 1.39% during 2005-2009. This was below the SP viosterol companies average* of 9.67%. A lower than orbit average* revenue CAGR may indicate that the company has underperformed the average sector growth and lost market share over t he last years. The companys underperformance could be attributed to a weak militant position or inferior products and services offering or lack of innovative products and services.Return on EquityThe companys return on equity (ROE) was 30.62% for fiscal year 2009. This was above the SP 500 companies average* of 18.69%. A superiorer than sector average ROE indicate that the company is efficiently using the shareholders money and that it is generating high returns for its shareholders compared to other companies in the sector.Operating Profit MarginThe companys operating margin was 12.91% for the fiscal year 2009. This was below the SP 500 companies average* of 18.74%. A lower than sector average* operating margin may indicate inefficient be management or a weak pricing strategy by the company. financial AnalysisInstead of 2 year analysis of the financial position of the company analysis is performed on a five year data as this will provided with better coverage of the companies per formance.Current ratioCurrent ratio of the company has been on the rising trend since 2005. Current ratio of the company has increase from 0.75 time in 2005 to 0.93 times in 2009. This trend shows that the company is moving toward a stable liquidity position. Whereas, in comparison to the averages of the industry trend and S P 500 companies Unilever is non able to maintain sound current ratio. Currently industry averages at around 1.53 times whereas SP 500 companies averages around 1.91 times. This is almost as double to where Unilever currently stands.Quick ratioQuick ratio of the company has shown similar rising trend as that of current ratio. Quick ratio of the company has moved to 0.5 times in 2009, which is a rise of purely 35% during the five year period (2005 0.37 times). This ratio of the company is quite close to the industry averages (i.e., 0.78 times), whereas, SP 500 companies quick ratio averages to around 1.36 times. Con nervering the rising trend of the company, i t appears that its liquidity position will improve in the near coming(prenominal) to assemble the industry averages.Gross Profit marginGross Profit margin of the company has shown a mix trend over the years. During the period from 2005-2009 gross profit margin of the company stood at 48.32%, fall of average 2%. This shows that the company is in a stable position as it is able to stay arranged in maintaining its Gross Profit Margin. On the other hand, Industry average stands at 44.72%. Being on the higher(prenominal) side of the industry shows that the company is able to effectively manage its cost and pricing policies.Net Profit MarginSimilar to the Gross profit margin, net profit margin of the company has shown a mix trend. On average the net profit margin of the company has increased by 4% during the 5 year period to 8.46% in 2009. This is higher then what the industry average is (Industry average 7.25%). On the other hand SP 500 companies average net profit margin to approxim ately 12.59%, showing that the company is not meeting the SP 500 companies standards.Return on AssetsReturn on assets of the company has shown an increasing trend during the 5 year period. During the said period, ROA increased to approximately 10% in 2009 from 8.74% in 2005, this is a rise of 14%. In comparison, the industry averages the return on assets at around 7.71% and SP 500 averages assets at around 7.91%. This shows that the company is able to used the employed assets efficiently and effectively then what the normal industry trend depicts.FINANCING STRUCTUREUnilever PLC is a highly un-geared company. Its conglomeration debt to total equity ratio stood at only 0.82 in 2009, which is a decline of around 46% during the 5 year period (2005 1.51). Similar fall in the total debt to total capital ratio was observed, which fell by approximately 25% to 0.45 in 2009. On the other hand a slight increase of just 9% was observed in the Long term debt to total capital of the company duri ng the same five year period.In demarcation line to the supplement ratios, a signifi hatfult fall in the payout ratio was observed. Payout ratio of the company fell from 61.37% in 2005 to just 38.54% in 2009. This shows that currently the company is in the phase of financing its activities from its retained earnings instead of taking long or short term financing.In comparison to a competitor Reckitt Benckiser Group, the leverage of this company is similar to the leverage of Unilever PLC. During the year 2009, Total Debt to Total Equity ratio Reckitt Benckiser Group is only 0.82. Payout ratio of the Reckitt Benckiser is 50.28% in 2009, which is higher than that of Unilever PLC, representing the fact that Reckitt Benckiser Group Plc is utilizing higher portion of its retained earnings as compared to Unilever PlcIn comparison with the industry trends, average total debt to equity is approximately 1.16 times whereas, as per SP 500 it is around 0.73. In view of these average industry a nd sector trends, company is performing quite well.On the other hand, companys payout ratio is on the higher side when compared to the industry and SP 500 averages. Average industrys payout is almost is 42% whereas, average payout as per SP 500 is 28.82%.This shows that company is not availing its short term financing options. Taking up these short term financing will release some pressure from the retained earning and can be paid out to the shareholders of the company because as the low payout trend of the industry indicates that the shareholders are prone to short term gains in comparison to long term capital gains.20092008200720062005Unilever PLCTotal Debt/Equity0.821.10.770.781.51Long terminus Debt/Total Capital0.350.30.250.220.32Total Debt/Total Capital0.450.520.440.440.6Payout Ratio38.54%43.04%56.62%83.71%61.37%Reckitt Benckiser Group PlcTotal Debt/Equity0.030.480.210.530.09Long Term Debt/Total Capital (?)00000.04Total Debt/Total Capital (?)0.030.320.170.350.08Payout Ratio (?) 50.28%50.76%41.93%48.65%42.39%WEIGHTED AVERAGE COST OF CAPITALAs discussed in the above section, Unilever PLC has a real low (nominal) gearing of 0.35%. Virtually the company is debt step down hence cost of equity of the company will be its weighted average cost of capital.In ready to calculate Cost of Equity of Unilever PLC Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) has been used. Beta for the company has been taken from the Dow Jones Report, which is 0.76 whereas many technical issues were presents when indentifying risk free rate (Rf) and risk premium (Rm-Rf). Hence, the risk free rate and the market rate (Rm) are assumed to be 8% and 12% singlely for the decision of this calculation.Cost of Equity=Rf + (Rm-Rf)bCost of Equity=8% + (12% 8%) 0.76Cost of Equity=11.04%Here,Cost of Equity ==WACCHence,WACC=11.04%NEW PROJECTProject expositionCompany has recently conducted a market survey for deodorant target only toward a young generation. Evaluation of the investment proposal to manufac ture product XARI was performed. The product has performed well in test marketing trials conducted recently by the research and marketing department of the company.Key Elements of ProjectInitial investment costEvidences for the initial investment cost can be appoint from various sources, research reports related to the particular industry, information from the companies which have recently invested in the respective sectors can prove quite useful, internal budget preparation etc.Annual revenues / operating costsEvidences of independent annual revenues and operating cost can be also be found from various sources, demand and supply of the particular products and wandered by various research houses such as logical argument Monitor, by analyzing past trends of the company and peer analysis of the companies already operating in the industry/segmentsRates of fanfareInformation related to the past and future rates related to inflation can be found in abundance. In addition to the gover nment bodies, numerous independent research houses provided forecasted/projected inflation rates of different countries. These rates are calculated after critically analyzing and assessing various factors that affect the inflation rates. Report from Economic Intelligence Unit is one of the research houses which provides rates of inflation, both past trends as well as forecasted for different countries.Rates of taxation, and tax reliefs and allowancesBest sources for finding information related rates of taxation and tax reliefs and allowance is to go through government regulated bodies. Legal regulations related to tax and updates in the upcoming changes can be found on government operated website and accurate and up to date information related to any legal issue is available there.Risk and UncertaintyAfter a through research I came to the conclusion that identification of risks is best done by a sequential manner.Firstly brainstorming make was done with some colleague of mine in or der to evaluate what factors ,both beneficial and adverse, can be faced by the new project that the company was going to undertake. This exercise was purely for the identification of the risk that the project might face during the tenor of its operations. After my initial task of risk identification I assessed the likelihood of the accompaniment of that risk and categorized them on the scale of high, medium and low. Then I assessed the consequences of each of risk if they occurred and whether, there occurrence will have a study impact on the operation of the company or its future prospect or not.Risks with low chances of occurrence and low negative impact were ignored and speech pattern was placed on the risks that have high chances of occurrence or which could have measurable impact on the companys performance.This risk was than further classified into quantifiable and non-quantifiable risk (uncertainty). The impact of the quantifiable risk, such as rate of inflation, increase i n the cost of raw material, fall in demand of the product etc, were incorporated when compute the Net Present Value of the Project.Uncertainties such as war, political instability, change in government regulation etc, were a bit hard to incorporate. In order to overcome these problems sensitivity analysis was used.Via Sensitivity Analysis result of the project are categorized into three possible outcomes Best subject area Scenario, Moderate Case Scenario and Worst Case Scenario. These 3 cases will show the performance of the company in the two most extremes situations that the company might operate. Result should then be interpreted keeping in mind of all the expected scenarios.Net Present ValueAfter the successful test, following information has been prepared by me in order to assess the viability of the project. The research team has prepared the following forecasted demand of the product along with that various other variables such as selling prices and inflation rate are also estimated. These forecasts reflect, along with others, the expected life of the products, change in the economic conditions in the long run etc. weighted average cost of capital has been calculated as above at 11.04%. The product has no terminal value at the end of four year.NPV of the project with respect to the following data is almost about 348,578 poundsForecasted Information for Product XARIInitial Investment2 million PoundsSelling Price (Current Price)20 pound/unitExpected Inflation in Selling Price3% per yearVariable operating cost8 pound/unitset Operating Cost170,000 per yarTax Rate30%Year1234Demand (units)60,00070,000120,00045,000Quarterly ReportIt appears that the company has performed rational well when compared to the forecast that the management prepared. Minor variances were witnessed by the company in most aspect of the project.Initial investment of the company exceed by just 100,000 pound. Company just sold 100 less units in first quarter as compared to the forecas ted data. The reason for this relate to the factor that market awareness was not created by the company as it incurred less operating cost as anticipated.Company managed to sell units at a selling price 15% more the forecasted price. On the other 13% more cost was incurred on each unit than was projected.The reason for such a change could relate to the fact that the company underestimated the price of it project, and once market started to accept the product its selling price increased