Change Management Report Free Essays

Through a broad scope of aptitudes and experience, the A-Belch Group has huge building and plan capacities to give a total and bespoke top notch built arrangement from configuration to fabricate. Electrical and Mechanical building greatness Bespoke plan arrangements New item advancement developer with nonstop testing and improvement Quality structure programming empowering accuracy plan and assembling Continuous The Group fuses HAD Lighting, A-Belch Hazardous Area, MAP Solutions, Electrical Engineering and Industrial Connectors. The broad item portfolio incorporates the HAD Hazardous zone lighting range, dangerous zone walled in areas, witchery, electrical dissemination boards, electrical embellishments and inventive particular structure administration arrangements. We will compose a custom article test on Change Management Report or then again any comparable theme just for you Request Now The Group is a set up provider to the UK and universal petrochemical, vitality, rail and development markets. With more than 25 years’ involvement with the vitality part, A-Belch exceeds expectations in quality, cost and conveyance and after deals support. My job inside the association is to design and deal with the creation of the Had cell. A-Belch is SISSIES :2008 certify †see connection 1 . Some portion of my job is to guarantee the item we produce is of a high caliber and tests the SIRS affirmation necessities. Because of the profoundly risky situations our items are utilized in we should guarantee all shop floor agents follow controlled drawings and SOPs for each form stage. See connection 2 for controlled drawing. Connection 3 is a SOP that is utilized by shop floor agents. The office takes a stab at ceaseless upgrades and all staff are urged to offer their feelings to build up the office further. It is significant that the office constantly improves in its stirring practices and system to stay aware of a developing interest for our item and changing commercial center. As the organization is ISO licensed the quality administration frameworks have been set up to BBS EN ISO 9001 :2008 and ISO/ICE 80079-34. My specialization fabricate items that are confirmed blast confirmation lighting for perilous zone. All items are TEX and ICE affirmed and because of this a significant level of value is required during fabricate. All items are worked to drawings which have been delivered from affirmation drawings gave to SIRS the confirmation body. Without SIRS accreditation and endorsement no items can be produced. On each drawing is a rundown of parts required is recorded for the fabricate. Alongside the assembling drawing a wiring outline is provided and a works guidance for the item. Every single completed great are closed down by the creation administrator in the wake of being examined. Each form has a check sheet with phases of each Job that should be finished and closed down by the applicable administrator, these are then kept and petitioned for future reference and can be utilized if merchandise are returned because of a quality issue identifying with the work as I am ready to distinguish which administrator produced the unit and apply the proper activity or complete boost preparing. Recognize a change that is required distinguish a change required in the working environment and clarify the possible advantages of this change to the association. So as to recognize the elements that may require the organization to transform I have directed a SOOT examination †See underneath. Qualities Growing organization New item structure Influential in the commercial center Loyal clients Dedicated staff Repeat business Competitive items USPS Team moral Opportunities Future Product improvement Supplier audits †current changes expected to our gracefully of significant segments Additional business Current BOO things moving to made things Processing plant extension Increase in current yield up to millions †new plant development WEAKNESS Health and Safety arrangements Environmental strategies Lack of risky waste removal Lead Times Manufacturing fabricate gives High disappointment rate on certain items Succession Management Competitors New items discharged to advertise by contenders Supplier cost increment Market change Double plunge downturn Previous item quality issues From the SOOT examination I have distinguished a change expected to our present wellbeing and security methods identifying with our preparing machines. Changing our current preparing canines and procedure this will diminish down time and lead times, decrease yearly cost, increment extra business and add to the development and accomplishment of the office which will permit the organization to create in accordance with changes in the commercial center. As of now both preparing machines run on a manual fill framework where by every employable utilizing the machine needs to top every container off by hand. So as to do this they have to remain on stepping stools and fill every container. The support. Weight of both the activator and base is KEG each. The activator is an unsafe substance which can bother the skin an eyes. Right PEP is worn by every employable; anyway there is consistently a danger of both the activator and base sprinkling the person. Manual dealing with is additionally a worry as the employable must ascend onto step stepping stools conveying the base/activator to fill the container. Taking care of and dangers to every employable can be maintained a strategic distance from by moving to a computerized mass feed framework. By moving over to the computerized framework the wellbeing and dangers will be decreased fundamentally as there will be no requirement for every person to physically fill every container. The mechanized mass feed framework will be introduced for both preparing machines and will demand of twin pneumatically worked twofold acting stomach siphons with plunge cylinders and four off outlet hoses up to machine mounted supplies. Electronic elevated level sensors will be fitted to every store to naturally cancel material from the flexibly drum on request and stop when the repository is full. Pneumatically impelled ball valves will likewise be fitted onto every repository. Endorse. Cost for this fitment EH,386. O + tank (comprehensive of control box nearby work to fit) The proposed move over to a computerized built framework for the two machines will: Reduce down time Reduce lead times Improve Health and Safety Improve preparing methods Reduce cost Reduce the measure of room expected to store the preparing compound Reduce squander There will likewise be a cost sparing to the organization of support. EH,81 5 for every annum dependent on past utilization. This is because of the unit cost of the preparing compound being decreased by moving over to enormous KEG drums. Arranging and checking the change State the destinations of the adjustment arranged by their need. At any rate one must be a SMART target. Set up an activity plan for actualizing the change. Clarify the method you would use to screen the accomplishment of the essential goal. The destinations of the change are as per the following: To buy and introduce robotized mass feed framework inside expressed spending week beginning sixteenth September 2013 To have all shop floor agents prepared on the protected utilization of new gear by 30th September 2013 Priority: 1) Health and Safety Improvements 2) Reduce cost 3) Reduce down time 4) Reduce fabricating lead times 5) Improve preparing methods squander The above has been recognized by directing a SMART investigation Specific Implementation of mass feed framework for both preparing machines What: What would I like to achieve? Upgrades to wellbeing and security of shop floor agents Cost sparing †see underneath. Why: Specific reasons, reason or advantages of achieving the objective. Decrease down time Who: Who is included? Preparing Machine Supplier †Meter Mix Potting Compound Supplier †Greenfield Polymers Production Manager †Me Floor Manager †SST Handmaids Shop floor agents Divisional Director †Bob Scott Chief Executive †Brian Trench Where: Identify an area. New Had fabricating office Which: Identify prerequisites and requirements. Proposition of the change and cost reserve funds/compensation and advantages should be introduced to higher administration Upfront cost required Current stock might be an issue as we use KEG drums and not KEG †need to recognize in the event that we can utilize current drums or trade with provider for bigger ones Identify space required †this could be an issue. Will we have enough space for the mass feed framework in the new processing plant? Quantifiable How much? What number of? Two machines will be required How will I know when it is cultivated in 12 months’ time when cost reserve funds can be recorded Achievable How: How can the objective be practiced? A report should be drafted up to feature the advantages Installation will be finished by Intermix Training of all shop floor agents will be finished by the Floor Manager Relevant Does this appear to be advantageous? The forthright cost is costly, anyway the advantages the assembling cell and cost sparing the organization will pick up exceed the cost There is additionally a restitution time because of the cost sparing of the preparing compound Is this the ideal time? Indeed, the changeover is expected to diminish vacation and to permit yield to expand Completion of the new manufacturing plant expansion will be the best an ideal opportunity to execute this Are you the correct individual? As the Production Manager for the office I am answerable for the enhancements to the division Time Based When? Usage/establishment †September 2013 What would i be able to do a month and a half from now? Close down from Director Arrange Meeting with preparing machine provider to get the show on the road Arrange meeting with preparing compound provider to advise regarding change What would i be able to do today? Get ready report for Director of the advantages and cost of the mass feed framework In request to continue with the change I have arranged an activity plan itemizing the stages I should work through so as to execute the change. Activity Plan: Date of movement 1) Supplier Meetings Potting Machine †Meter Mix Advise on how the mass feed framework will function Discuss

Education and Mark Twain Tags Free Essays

â€Å"Live as though you were to bite the dust tomorrow. Learn as though you were to live for eternity. †Ã¢ ? Mahatma Gandhi tags:â carpe-diem,â education,â inspirational,â learning 38,294 individuals loved it like â€Å"I have never let my tutoring meddle with my instruction. We will compose a custom paper test on Instruction and Mark Twain Tags or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now †Ã¢ ? Imprint Twain tags:â education 11,482 individuals loved it like â€Å"You can never be overdressed or overeducated. † ? Oscar Wilde tags:â education,â fashion 6,803 individuals loved it like â€Å"You instruct a man; you teach a man. You teach a lady; you instruct an age. †Ã¢ ? Brigham Young tags:â education,â feminism,â men,â women 3,833 individuals loved it like â€Å"The world is a book and the individuals who don't travel read just one page.  ? Augustine of Hippo tags:â allegory,â books,â broad-mindedness,â classic,â education,â imagery,â travel,â world 3,650 individuals preferred it like â€Å"Education is the most impressive weapon which you can use to change the world. †Ã¢ ? Nelson Mandela tags:â change,â education 2,344 individuals loved it like â€Å"Whatever the expense of our libraries, the cost is modest contrasted with that of a uninformed country. †Ã¢ ? Walter Cronkite tags:â education,â ignorance,â i ntelligence,â libraries 2,006 individuals preferred it like â€Å"Education is the capacity to tune in to nearly anything without losing your temper or your fearlessness.  ? Robert Frost tags:â education 1,846 individuals preferred it like â€Å"When you realize better you improve. † ? Maya Angelou tags:â education,â intelligence,â knowledge,â wisdom 1,709 individuals preferred it like â€Å"The past has no control over the current second. † ? Eckhart Tolle tags:â education,â inspirational,â life,â philosophy,â truth,â wisdom 1,564 individuals enjoyed it like â€Å"Education: the way from arrogant obliviousness to hopeless vulnerability. †Ã¢ ? Imprint Twain tags:â education 1,267 individuals loved it like â€Å"Intelligence in addition to character-that is the objective of genuine training. †Ã¢ ? Martin Luther King, Jr. tags:â education ,160 individuals loved it like â€Å"The errand of the cutting edge instructor isn't to chop do wn wildernesses, however to flood deserts. †Ã¢ ? C. S. Lewis tags:â education 1,111 individuals preferred it like â€Å"The best thing for being sad,† answered Merlin, starting to puff and blow, â€Å"is to get the hang of something. That’s the main thing that never falls flat. You may develop old and trembling in your life systems, you may lie conscious around evening time tuning in to the turmoil of your veins, you may miss your lone love, you may see the world about you crushed by underhanded crazy people, or realize your respect stomped on in the sewers of baser personalities. There is just a single thing for it then †to learn. Realize why the world sways and what sways it. That is the main thing which the psyche can never deplete, never estrange, never be tormented by, never dread or doubt, and never fantasy about lamenting. Learning is the main thing for you. Look what a ton of things there are to learn. †Ã¢ ? T. H. White, The Once and Future King tags:â curiosity,â depression,â education,â learning,â teaching 1,045 individuals enjoyed it like â€Å"If you need to get laid, head off to college. On the off chance that you need training, go to the library. †Ã¢ ? Honest Zappa tags:â education,â sex 1,013 individuals enjoyed it ike â€Å"Give a young lady training and bring her appropriately into the world, and ten to one yet she has the methods for settling admirably, moving along without any more cost to anyone. †Ã¢ ? Jane Austen tags:â education,â women 980 individuals enjoyed it like â€Å"Education without values, as helpful as it may be, appears to be fairly to make man a progressively smart fiend. †Ã¢ ? C. S. Lewis tags:â character-development,â education,â ethics 834 individuals preferred it like â€Å"Eragon glanced back at him, confounded. â€Å"I don’t comprehend. † â€Å"Of course you don’t,† said Brom fretfully. â€Å"That’s why I’m showing you and not the opposite way around. †Ã¢ ? Christopher Paolini, Eragon tags:â education,â humor 828 individuals loved it like â€Å"I am not an instructor, yet an awakener. † ? Robert Frost tags:â carpe-diem,â education,â inspirational,â learning,â mentoring 819 individuals loved it like â€Å"In reality, I guarantee you, there is nothing of the sort as variable based math. †Ã¢ ? Fran Lebowitz tags:â algebra,â education,â humor,â mathematics 775 individuals preferred it like â€Å"[Kids] don’t recollect what you attempt to instruct them. They recall what you are. †Ã¢ ? Jim Henson, It’s Not Easy Being Green: And Other Things to Consider tags:â childhood,â education,â learning,â teaching 773 individuals loved it like Ideally, what ought to be said to each kid, more than once, all through their school life is something like this: ‘You are being instilled. We have not yet advanced an arrangement of training that isn't an arrangement of teaching. We are grieved, howev er it is all the better we can do. What you are being instructed here is an amalgam of current bias and the decisions of this specific culture. The scarcest gander at history will show how temporary these must be. You are being educated by individuals who have had the option to adapt to a system of thought set somewhere around their ancestors. It is a self-sustaining framework. Those of you who are more vigorous and individual than others will be urged to leave and discover methods of teaching yourself †instructing your own decisions. Those that stay must recollect, consistently, and constantly, that they are being formed and designed to fit into the limited and specific needs of this specific culture. †Ã¢ ? Doris Lessing, The Golden Notebook tags:â conformity,â education,â feminism,â knowledge-power,â quip,â school 740 individuals enjoyed it like â€Å"Study without want ruins the memory, and it holds nothing that it takes in. †Ã¢ ? Leonardo da Vinci ags:â education,â schooling,â university 734 individuals preferred it like â€Å"Prejudices, it is notable, are generally hard to destroy from the heart whose dirt has never been released or prepared by training: they develop there, firm as weeds among stones. †Ã¢ ? Charlotte Bronte, Jane Eyre tags:â education,â prejudice 700 individ uals preferred it like â€Å"The mind isn't a vessel to be filled, however a fire to be aroused. †Ã¢ ? Plutarch tags:â curiosity,â education,â mentoring,â mind,â thinking 669 individuals preferred it like â€Å"Without instruction, we are in an awful and savage peril of paying attention to taught individuals. †Ã¢ ? G. K. Chesterton tags:â education,â ignorance,â indoctrination 667 individuals preferred it like â€Å"Often, it’s not tied in with turning into a renewed individual, yet turning into the individual you were intended to be, and as of now are, however don’t realize that how will generally be. †Ã¢ ? Heath L. Buckmaster, Box of Hair: A Fairy Tale tags:â education,â growth,â life,â self-acceptance,â self-acknowledgment 664 individuals preferred it like â€Å"You know, in some cases kids get terrible evaluations in school on the grounds that the class moves unreasonably delayed for them. Einstein got D’s in school. Well think about what, I get F’s!!! †Ã¢ ? Bill Watterson tags:â calvin-and-hobbes,â comic,â education,â funny,â school 662 individuals preferred it like The informed contrast from the uneducated as much as the living vary from the dead. †Ã¢ ? Aristotle tags:â education 625 individuals preferred it like â€Å"Try not to have a decent time†¦ this should be instructive. †Ã¢ ? Charles M. Schulz tags:â education,â humor 589 individuals enjoyed it like * Home * Authors * Topics * Quote of the Day * Pictures * Top of Form Bottom of Form Authors: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€- Education Quotes * Grid List * Prev * 1 * 2 * 3 * 4 * .. * 40 * Next * Share220309 Education is the most impressive weapon which you can use to change the world. Nelson Mandela Change, Powerful, Weapon It is the sign of an informed psyche to have the option to consider an idea without tolerating it. Aristotle Mind, Without, Thought liberal instruction is at the core of a common society, and at the core of liberal training is the demonstration of educating. A. Bartlett Giamatti Society, Heart, Act instruction isn’t the amount you have focused on memory, or even the amount you know. It’s having the option to separate between what you know and what you don’t. Anatole France Between, Able, Memory My mom said I should consistently be bigoted of numbness yet comprehension of lliteracy. That a few people, incapable to go to class, were more instructed and more shrewd than school educators. Maya Angelou Mother, School, Ignorance Education is a splendid thing, yet it is well to recall occasionally that nothing that merits knowing can be instructed. Oscar Wilde Time, Nothing, Remember Ads by Google Church On line Tired of your life? Discover trust at Church Online westside-family. churchonline. organization Education is the capacity to tune in to nearly anything without losing your temper or your self-assurance. Robert Frost Without, Anything, Losing Instruction isn't the filling of a bucket, yet the lighting of a fire. William Butler Yeats Fire, Lighting, Filling Develop an energy for learning. On the off chance that you do, you will never stop to develop. Anthony J. D’Angelo Learning, Passion, Grow An interest in information pays the wellbeing. Benjamin Franklin Knowledge, Best, Interest In the

Dark Chocolate, Health, and Stress Relief

Dark Chocolate, Health, and Stress Relief Stress Management Management Techniques Print Dark Chocolate, Health, and Stress Relief By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on September 08, 2015 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on June 14, 2018 How Stress Impacts Your Health Overview Signs of Burnout Stress and Weight Gain Benefits of Exercise Stress Reduction Tips Self-Care Practices Mindful Living antonios mitsopoulos/Getty Images The good news for chocolate lovers everywhere is that dark chocolate has been shown by research to have real stress relieving properties as well as benefits to health! Heres one of the latest studies that look promising for dark chocolate and stress relief.   Benefits for Stress A clinical trial published online in ACS’ Journal of Proteome Research found that eating about an ounce and a half of dark chocolate a day for two weeks reduced levels of stress hormones in people who felt highly stressed. They found that dark chocolate also partially corrected other stress-related biochemical imbalances. In the study, Francois-Pierre Martin, Sunil Kochhar and colleagues identified reductions in stress hormones like cortisol, and other stress-related biochemical changes in volunteers who rated themselves as highly stressed and ate dark chocolate for two weeks. “The study provides strong evidence that a daily consumption of 40 grams [1.4 ounces] during a period of 2 weeks is sufficient to modify the metabolism of healthy human volunteers,” the scientists said in a press release. As part of the study, the researchers cite growing scientific evidence of more benefits associated with dark chocolate: Antioxidants and other beneficial substances in dark chocolate may reduce risk factors for heart diseaseDark chocolates antioxidants may reduce risk factors for other diseases and physical conditions as wellStudies show that dark chocolate may ease emotional stress This, however, is the first study of its kind that shows, in humans, exactly how dark chocolate may help with stress.   Its reassuring news that dark chocolate can be so beneficial, since the bodys stress response may make us crave more sweets, and emotional eating generally brings weight gain if were not careful. A small amount of dark chocolate, enjoyed mindfully, can be an effective and enjoyable method to relieve stress in those who have no medical reason why they cant enjoy it. Heres more information on the use of dark chocolate as a stress relief tool, as well as other resources that might relate to you: Chocolate Meditation: This is every bit as delicious as it sounds! Heres how scores of people have been using chocolate as a stress relief tool and avoiding binge eating when stressed.What Causes Emotional Eating? Do you find that you automatically reach for a bag of chips or slice of cake when stressed? Heres what might be behind that urge.How to Stop Emotional Eating: If you find yourself mindlessly munching, here are some strategies to help you stop.Diet Tips for the Stressed: Here are some tips that should help when you feel too stressed to diet, but find that you want to lose weight anyway.

World War Ii - Conflic in the Pacific and East Asia

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC AND EAST ASIA: JAPAN ON THE OFFENSIVE: 1941-42 When the nations of Western Europe became embroiled in World War II, Japan began to expand into the Southeast Asian colonies of the European powers. After the United States retaliated with economic sanctions, Japan planned a concerted attack on the American naval base at Pearl Harbour, Hawaii, and other Pacific and Asian targets. For a time Japan was master of the central and western Pacific and East Asia. Japanese Expansion and U.S. Response: 1940-41 Japans invasion of Manchuria in 1931 and its subsequent full- scale assault against China in 1937 brought expressions of disapproval from the†¦show more content†¦Surprise Attack on Pearl Harbour In late 1941 more than 75 U.S. warships--including battleships, cruisers, destroyers, submarines, and auxiliaries--were based at this Gibraltar of the Pacific. All U.S. aircraft carriers were elsewhere. On November 26 a Japanese task force, consisting of 6 carriers, 2 battleships, 3 cruisers, and several destroyers and tankers under command of Vice Adm. Chuichi Nagumo, departed in secret from the Kuril Islands. Observing radio silence, it reached a launching point at 6 AM, December 7. At 7:50 AM, the first wave of Japanese planes struck Pearl Harbour, bombarding airfields and battleships moored at the concrete quays. A second wave followed. The surprise attack was over before 10 AM. The results were devastating; 18 U.S. ships were hit, and more than 200 aircraft destroyed or damaged. The battleship Arizona was a total wreck; the West Virginia and California were sunk; and the Nevada was heavily damaged. Approximately 2,400 Americans were killed, 1,300 wounded, and 1,000 missing. Japanese losses were fewer than 100 casualties, 29 planes, and 5 midget submarines. The Japanese scored a brilliant tactical victory, apparently crippling U.S. naval power in the Pacific. The attack was, however, a colossal political and psychological blunder, for it mobilised U.S. public opinion against the Japanese and served as the catalyst that brought the United States into the war. December 7, 1941, said President Franklin D.

Society s Norms Of Sexual Activity - 1587 Words

Social norms are rules of behavior that are considered acceptable in society. If one does not follow social norms one might be shamed or suffer some kind of consequence. This leads to the actions of slut shaming. Slut shaming is the act of making a female feel degraded of certain sexual behaviors that deviate from social norms. Feminist believe that women deserve equality, and therefore stand up for women’s rights. Society’s norms of sexual activity is different from men and women, when men seem sexually active they are praised, but when women seem sexually active they are judged and called â€Å"sluts.† In society, from a very young age people, including women, have been unintentionally teaching their children about double standards in gender, being unintentionally sexist. In Toronto, a police officer addressed young women about safety by saying,  ¨women should avoid dressing like sluts in order not to be victimized.† Because of this, feminist have s tarted â€Å"slut walks† where the movement goes againts seuxal injustice, victiam blaming, derogatory labeling and gender inequality. Unspoken gender education stereotypes are social norms that lead to slut shaming: oppressing females in the imposition of social norms. ¨ Society makes sexual objectification a social norm for females but not for males, equality is impossible. Children are being taught that girls may not have boyfriend while young, but for boys they are praised if they do. Double standards make it difficult not toShow MoreRelatedGender Differences Between Sexuality And Gender888 Words   |  4 Pagesphysical description. 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In recent years, however, new perspectives are emerging which strongly support that sexual orientation is by noRead MoreTheories About The Conceptual Nature Of Institutions Throughout Sociology Essay1359 Words   |  6 PagesFunctionalism. These three concepts coincide with one another. Families can be found in various cultures and society in some form or another. Schaefer (2009) defines the family â€Å"as a set of people related by blood, marriage or some other agreed-upon relationship, or adoption, who share the primary responsibility for reproduction and caring for members of society.† The family serves different functions in society, depending upon which sociological theory is applied to it, even though the family itself remainsRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal And The Normalization Of Homosexuality1422 Words   |  6 Pageswhy homosexuality is seen by society as deviance , such as the Functionalist perspective and Socialization. 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They also theyRead MoreCommon Sense Explanations And The Explanations Of C. Wright Mills Theory Of The Sociological Imagination1534 Words   |  7 PagesSociological Imagination. Common sense is based on people s personal experiences and their opinions, very often constructed from social norms and generalised views. Whereas, the Sociological Imagination thought up by sociologist C. Wright Mills (1959) is based on the ideas of thinking critically and skeptically, in order to think sociologically. He wrote that in order to do this, we have to understand and grasp the link between current society and history, personal troubles and public issues. ThereRead MoreGender, Gender And Social Norms Essay792 Words   |  4 Pagesto. From this standard, norms are es tablished. The legal system acts a regulatory and governance body that acknowledges and legitimized cultural norms influence gendered identities. 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ThroughRead MoreSocial Control of Prostitution Essay781 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Control of Prostitution Prostitution is ambiguous to define. The Macquarie dictionary defines prostitution as 1. the act or practice of engaging in sexual intercourse 2. any base or unworthy use of talent, ability, etc. But the act of prostitution involves many other associated facets that are included under this extensive act. There’s the act itself, soliciting, advertising, pimping, house brothels, street prostitution, phone sex and even computer sex. Sweden treats prostitution as legalRead MoreThe Social Process Theories1247 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿A social norm is a specified code of conduct that is acceptable within a society or group. These norms include both appropriate and inappropriate values, beliefs, attitudes and behaviors that are expected of individuals under given circumstances (Lewis, 1969). They are neither static nor universal as they keep on changing with time and vary with respect to culture, class and groups. There are two different types of social norms, namely behavioral or descriptive norms and attitudinal or injunctive

Safeguarding the Welfare of Children and Young People. Free Essays

UNIT: TDA 2. 2 SAFEGUARDING THE WELFARE OF CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE. Question 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Safeguarding the Welfare of Children and Young People. or any similar topic only for you Order Now TDA 2. 2: LEARNING OUTCOME 2. 4 Describe in detail the actions that you would take response to the following emergency situations in your setting to include: †¢ Fire †¢ Security incidents †¢ Missing children and young people *********************************************************************** EMERGENCY SITUATIONS FIRE: If i discovered a fire on the premises i would immediatly raise the alarm, if i was near to a phone i would also dial 999. On hearing the alarm the head teacher would dial 999 or instruct a member of staff to do so). I would only tackle the fire if possible using the appliance provided if it was a small fire and i knew how to use the appliance provided correctly and safely. On hearing the fire alarm, i would follow the instructions of the teacher in charge. I would calmly assist in gathering all pupils and guiding them out through the nearest fire exit immediatly. If i was the last person out i would ensure i closed all doors behind me. All persons, staff and pupils would report to the assembly point (in my case it would be the front yard). A register would be taken. The school policy states any absentees an immediate search will be made. The policy also states do not take risks and do not return to the building until authorised to do so. I would closely listen and follow instructions from the head or teacher in charge. I know where all the fire alarms are and fire exits within the school and have read the fire notes that are on the wall in the classroom. SECURITY INCIDENTS: Any persons entering the school must do so through reception. At reception there is a signing in book any visitors to the school must sign in here. The visitor must indicate time of arrival, name, reason for visit, and if necessary provide i. d. All visitors are required to wear an i. d badge, and must sign out as they depart. If i noticed any unidentified people on the school premises i would challenge them immediately, and report to the teacher or head my concerns. All door are secure so people cannot enter from outside but they can be opened easily from the inside in the event of emergencies such as a fire. Should there be a security alert within the school i would follow the instructions of the person in charge and ensure all children are in the classroom, where a register would be taken. I would assist in keepin children calm and keeping them in the classroom. nobody would be allowed to enter or leave the building until the head gave permission. MISSING CHILDREN OR YOUNG PEOPLE.. If i realised a child was missing i would report to the teacher in charge immediately, i would state where and when i last seen the child. I would assist in keeping the children calm and gathering all the children together whilst a search was organised. I would follow instructions from the teacher in charge and assist in the search for the missing child if i was required to do so. The school would be put on lockdown and no one would be allowed to enter or leave the building. If the child was not found on the premises the childs parents/guardians and the police would be contacted. How to cite Safeguarding the Welfare of Children and Young People., Papers

Walden The Heaven Below Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Walden: The Heaven Below Essay, Research Paper The Heaven Below Henry David Thoreau # 8217 ; s clip spent at Walden Pond led him to a complex, multiplex apprehension of nature itself, every bit good as the nature of adult male. Thoreau # 8217 ; s clip on Walden Pond, nevertheless, led him to an every bit luxuriant and intricate consciousness of religious truths. As Thoreau writes in # 8220 ; The Pond in Winter # 8221 ; chapter of Walden, # 8220 ; Heaven is under our pess every bit good as over our caputs # 8221 ; ( 283 ) . Although apparently placed rather coolly at the terminal of the paragraph, this statement is a cardinal into the understanding of Thoreau # 8217 ; s find. As a doctrine that asserts the primacy of the subtle and intangible over the stuff and empirical, the really definition of Transcendentalism implies that one must lift above the sludge and quag of the earthly in order to derive true apprehension of the religious. In fact, the root verb of this genre, which characterizes Thoreau # 8217 ; s authorship, is transcend, which means to lift above and travel beyond bounds. Having understood these basic constructs, it is merely logical for one to expect Thoreau # 8217 ; s eyes to be cast skyward in his attempt to detect some religious truth. Of class, at several points during his narrative of his visit at Walden Pond, Thoreau, whether or non deliberately, obliges the anticipant reader. However, in a lone sentence, Thoreau manages to appeal to the reader # 8217 ; s safe givens every bit good as baffle him or her with a new, critical, unanticipated theory: # 8220 ; Heaven is under our pess every bit good as above our heads. # 8221 ; This is surely a startling thought for a reader knowing in logic and religious tradition. By the appellation of # 8220 ; up # 8221 ; as a positive way and # 8220 ; down # 8221 ; as a negative way, the powers that be someplace along the manner besides located heaven above the Earth and snake pit below the Earth. Thoreau, in one fell slide, tears this thought to tear up. The arrangement of Eden below our pess displaces the reader. But his statement is non even a simple renunciation of a cultural phenomenon. For Thoreau, Eden is above, but he asserts that Eden can besides be found below our pess. It is of import to observe here that Thoreau # 8217 ; s Eden is non needfully the Heaven of Judeo-christian divinity. Simply put, Thoreau # 8217 ; s Eden is a topographic point of intense self-awareness and satisfaction. Still, no affair what Thoreau thinks of Eden, his thought is a extremist 1. Throughout Walden, the reader takes notice of the topographic points where Thoreau finds peace or apprehension. # 8220 ; The Pond in Winter # 8221 ; is such a topographic point. Is the reader to presume that the repose of # 8220 ; the quiet parlour of the fishes, pervaded by a softened visible radiation as through a window of land glass # 8221 ; ( 283 ) is Thoreau # 8217 ; s motive for reasoning that a heaven exists below our pess if we merely choose to see it? Somehow, the account of his statement seems excessively simplistic, although this may be due to the reader’s ain inventive defects which hinder his or her vision of Thoreau’s observation. Then rises the possibility that uncertainty and obfuscation are portion of Thoreau # 8217 ; s program for the reader. Thoreau # 8217 ; s word pick is notable here. By playing on the phrase # 8220 ; above our caputs, # 8221 ; Thoreau implies a dual significance. Yes, heaven is literally above our caputs, but Eden is besides a cryptic construct and worlds are incapable of understanding it. Heaven, like his allegation, is full of concealed meaning.Thoreau # 8217 ; s interplay between surfaces and deepnesss is important in trying to bring out this implicit in significance. As he writes in the # 8220 ; Where I Lived and What I Lived For # 8221 ; chapter of Walden, # 8220 ; I perceive that we dwellers of New England live this average life because our vision does non perforate the surface of things. We think that that is what appears to be # 8221 ; ( 96 ) . Thoreau states in this transition that visual aspects are lead oning ; truth, or at least a way to it, can merely be found thr ough active sight, a impression besides put away by Ralph Waldo Emerson in his essay entitled # 8220 ; Nature. # 8221 ; Emerson uses his thought of a # 8220 ; transparent orb # 8221 ; to exemplify and body the act of dynamic sight and observation. Much like Thoreau, Emerson describes a province of self-awareness so acute that the ego blends into the milieus and leads one into the frame of head required to indisputably see and take portion in his or her milieus. The metabolism would besides let one to witness the forces behind and under nature. Although Emerson did non truly mention to this heightened self-awareness as Eden, it is possible to see it in Thoreau # 8217 ; s reading, given his ain thought of Eden. Emerson # 8217 ; s thoughts of nature as the Ussher, transforming theoretical constructs existent merely in the head into touchable, definite affair come into drama here. The Eden below our pess is, so, touchable and able to be felt and experienced physically. The joy of the experience is what Thoreau believed to be another heaven.Thus, the religious truths gained by Thoreau are non confined to Walden Pond. Thoreau seems to be stating his readers to travel out and happen topographic points of their ain which inspire and impel them to alter their lives and to see and see the joys of nature. The peace and joy found in such a procedure, Thoreau argues, are every bit satisfying as being in Eden. So heaven itself is non confined to a topographic point far off, unachievable in life. Living, or genuinely life is besides a Eden, one that can be found throughout nature, above every bit good as below. 337

A ROSE FOR EMILY Essays - Fiction, A Rose For Emily, Free Essays

A ROSE FOR EMILY Essays - Fiction, A Rose For Emily, Free Essays A ROSE FOR EMILY A Rose for Emily takes place after the Civil War and into the 1900?s in the town of Jefferson, Mississippi?a town very similar to the one in which William Faulkner spent most of his life. It is a story of the conflict between the old and the new South, the past and the present?with Emily and the things around her steadfastly representing the dying old traditions and the present expressed mostly through the words of the narrator but also through Homer Barron and the new board of aldermen. The issue of racism also runs throughout the story. In part I, Faulkner refers to Emily as a "fallen monument", a monument to the southern gentility that existed before the Civil War. Her house is described as having once been white?the color of youth, innocence and purity, and also of the white society?but decayed now and smelling of dust and disuse. It stands between the cotton wagons (the past) and the gasoline pumps (the present)an "eyesore among eyesores". Emily comes from an upper class family and grew up privileged and protected by her father. An agreement between her father and Colonel Sartoris?a character we assume was a veteran of the Civil War and who also represented the old South with his edict that no Negro woman should appear on the streets without an apronexempted her from paying taxes. The authorities decide to pay Emily a visit to try to collect the taxes due the town. When we are introduced to Emily, she is described as being in black?the color of death?and her eyes are lifeless?"two small pieces! of coal". The description of Emily is not unlike that of her house, and I thought of a corpse when reading that "she looked bloated, like a body long submerged in motionless water, and of that pallid hue."the dying old traditions. The tarnished gold head on her black cane is the one reminder of her affluent, upper class position of years ago. And the invisible watch hanging from her neck but hidden under her belt is symbolic of her living in the pasttime at a standstill in the Grierson house. When asked if she got the tax notice from the sheriff, Emily claims she has no taxes to pay and refers them to Colonel Sartoris who has been dead for ten yearsanother indication of Emily?s living in the past. Referring to the sheriff, she says, "Perhaps he considers himself the sheriff?I have no taxes in Jefferson." This implies that Emily still considers herself superior to the rest of the town. Emily has difficulty accepting the death of her father, and she hangs onto him and the past for three days after he dies until she finally allows the body to be taken away for burial. Her father had overprotected her throughout her life, chasing suitors away because they weren?t good enough for her. And when her sweetheart deserts her, she becomes a virtual recluse. The "only sign of life" is the young Negro servant who gardens and cooks for her. In fact, it is apparent that Emily would have died years earlier if he had not taken care of her. To me, Faulkner is suggesting that the South will die, or certainly not progress, unless its culture changes and it accepts the Negro as a vital part of society. I wonder if the smell of Homer?s rotting corpse represents racial prejudice: the 80 year old mayor refuses to directly confront Emily about the odor?just as he would not deal with the immorality of racial repressionand after several complaints, four aldermen take it up! on themselves to do something about it. Three of them are "graybeards" representing the old South; one of them is a "younger man, a member of the rising generation". I think the three older men helped to find the source of the stench, but they didn?t really do anything to stop it?I believe it is the young alderman who spreads the lime in a "sowing motion" in an effort to get rid of the smell?the lime perhaps representing tolerance. After her father dies, Emily disappears within the house for some time; but when a construction company comes into Jefferson to pave the

Harry S. Truman essays

Harry S. Truman essays America, our great country, is strong, powerful, and influential. Americans exemplify positive values, selflessness, hospitality, and the American way of life. The mighty oak tree that stands taller, bigger, and older than all others best represents this grand country. Each part of the tree illustrates a facet of our nation. Shapely emerald leaves covering the tree symbolize the values many Americans hold concerning themselves, others, and their nation. Leaves help the tree grow and flourish just as our value of caring for our neighbors help us to unite and become more successful. The beautiful shade and distinct shape of these leaves make the tree more attractive and unique. Our values often differ from values of other countries due to cultural contrasts such as with religious, racial, and education issues. We give much more freedom than many other countries do to those of different races and religions. In addition, we hold education in a much higher regard than other countries. These differences sometimes make our country seem more appealing to those of foreign lands. Without leaves in the spring, the mighty oak would have no means of nourishment and would die. Our common American values bind us together as one unit just as all the leaves work together to benefit the oak. Without them, we would be millions of separate bodies aimlessly wondering about a common ground, and our country would fall to pieces. Thus, there would be no country as there would be no tree. The lonely oak's long, gnarled limbs seem to reach out as far as they can just to touch another tree. One limb reaches far to the east until it finds a maple. Our brave troops fought in the east to fend off the Czechoslovakians and Serbians from nearly defenseless Bosnia. Another limb bends down and softly touches the fresh buds of a young sapling. Many Americans give years of their lives in South Africa to the Peace Corps to touch the lives and hearts of many vi...

Structure, Culture, Define, & Estimate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Structure, Culture, Define, & Estimate - Essay Example According to the report findings  members contribute wholesomely to the project hence making it a success. The knowledge and needs of stakeholders are ingrained into WBS, allowing members to understand their place within the project. In addition, WBS portrays significant aspects of project, ensuring that all members align to tasks and processes being administered.  According to the paper it is clear that additional information required to help the project manager, Nicolette, is derived from previous events and plans within the industry . In using the previous WBS events, some adverse past issues can be eliminated since they become lessons in the current project. Learning and adoption of best practice becomes the norm. Information on how soccer events organized by other clubs in the area exists. The contacts of their project managers need to be obtained. The project manager will have a wider understanding about project expectations by liaising with them. People within the club and committee with past tournament project involvement, can assist in defining requirements and other project management issues. Nicolette can contact Chelsea football club to get access to professional referees and additional coaching on club leadership.  The project manager is able to map out requirements and individual tasks in order to complete the whole process. Identification of these tasks and requirements allows the project manager to accurately estimate and identify costs.

The Purpose of the Higher Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Purpose of the Higher Education - Essay Example In most cases, the ideas of students are rarely considered when higher learning institutions are developing the curriculum. Due to the fact that we are living in a dynamic environment that is characterized by changes, it is imperative for students to be involved in the curriculum development since they may have some enterprising ideas that can help to improve the whole education system. This idea is supported by Kelly Sousa (http://whichwaync.com/2012/07/18/a-job-offer-a-skill-set-a-higher-tolerance-what-does-college-provide/, July 18, 2012) who posts to the effect that technical skills are gaining more priority as a result of the fact that the world has significantly industrialized. Various courses that are offered at higher learning institutions are theoretical in terms of their design. Students are taught various theories related to a particular area of study and in most cases, this kind of study is mainly academic in nature. However, after graduating from different tertiary insti tutions, many people rarely apply the theoretical knowledge they are taught at universities. Instead, they often encounter different problems that may require experience in that particular area. This experience is often gained through constant practice. It can be noted that some people are offered training at their work which may be costly to the companies since they will have to retrain the newly employed people. Some studies have shown that knowledge is more important since it is regarded as a stepping stone to a career by different people. Higher education is mainly designed to develop people better so that they can be in a position to find solutions to problems they may encounter in their lives. in workplaces, people are expected to make decisions and they should try to find solutions to problems they come across in their work. This is the reason why students should also put their input in the development of the curriculum. The problem with the current curriculum is that it is s kewed in favor of generating theoretical knowledge rather than developing the skills of the students so that they can be in a better position to deal with various technical problems they may encounter in their work. Therefore, it is recommended that people who are pursuing studies in areas that are technical in nature should be exposed to more practice in the actual field of their specialty so that they gain the much-needed knowledge. These students should be attached to different companies for longer periods as part of their learning since this will help them to gain different skills that are required for them to carry out various tasks. Theory and practice should be balanced in order for the students to gain the knowledge that can be transformed in order for them to deal with different problems they may face in their work. Various people seek education for monetary reasons since they believe that they will get better job opportunities that are characterized by high salaries. The c urriculum offered at tertiary institutions is designed in such a way that it helps people with higher qualifications to get high positions in different organizations. For instance, managers, as well as other people with influential positions, are highly qualified and they are paid lucrative salaries as a result of the high qualifications they have.

Design And Fabrication Of A Hydraulic Ram Pump Engineering Essay

Design And Fabrication Of A Hydraulic Ram Pump Engineering Essay Abstract The Design and Fabrication of a Hydraulic Ram Pump (Hydram) is undertaken. It is meant to lift water from a depth of 5 feet below the surface with no other external energy source required. The overall cost of fabrication of this hydram shows that the pump is relatively cheaper than the existing pumps. Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Historical Background: The first hydraulic ram pump was invented by John Whitehurst in England in 1772. This pump was non-self-acting. In 1796 a Frenchman, Joseph Michael Montgolfier, had added a valve, which made the device self-acting. In 1809, the first American patent was issued to J. Cerneau and S.S. Hallet .Prior to the 1840s most ram pumps in America were imported from Europe, but in 1843, H.H. Strawbridge of Louisiana put an American made model into use. Rural communities in America found the features of the pump very attractive. Articles in magazines brought further recognition and understanding of the ram and its possibilities. A detailed book on the ram, published in 1842, was in its 16th edition by 1870. In 1879, The Peoples Cyclopedia included the hydraulic ram among the 55 most important inventions in the history of mankind. It defined the hydraulic ram as: A simple and conveniently applied mechanism by which the weight of falling water can be made available for raising a portion of itself to a considerable height. Patents on the ram abounded in the 1840s and 1850s, but after 1858 none were secured until 1870 when another burst of interest saw four patents awarded in 3 years. Cost was a major factor in the growth of ram use. Not only were the machines inexpensive to buy, but they also were simple to install and were almost maintenance-free. For more than 100 years rams were major movers of water to homes, farms, industries, railroads and towns. They contributed to improved crop production, introduction of extensive landscaping and, perhaps most importantly, to health and sanitation. With the advent of electrical pumps, interest in the hydraulic rams became dormant. Ram pumps were allowed to rust in the stream until expensive parts, fossil fuel shortages, and environmental concerns brought back to the publics mind the need for a pump that is inexpensive, requires almost no repairs or maintenance is self-acting, and can raise water to a considerable height vertically. Ram pumps are again becoming increasing popular in both developing and developed countries. They are being operated successfully worldwide. 800px-Roscheiderhof-lambachpumpe Figure An early Hydraulic Ram Pump 1.2 Hydraulic Ram Pump: The hydram uses energy of falling water to lift water. There is no separate motor or mechanism that operates the pump. In real life application water is diverted from a water source and made to flow in a straight and sloping pipe, called the drive pipe. The falling action of water causes a gain in its kinetic energy. The gain in energy increases with increase in velocity of water. The hydram is located at the bottom of the drive pipe. The water flows through its main valve. When this valve closes water is brought to a sudden stop. The kinetic energy gained by water while falling down is converted to pressure energy. This is the energy which all pumps use to lift water. Some amount of the water is pushed into the delivery pipe due to this pressure and delivered where it required is. Essentially, a hydram is an automatic pumping device which utilizes a small fall of water to lift a fraction of the supply flow to a much greater height; ie it uses a larger flow of water falling through a small head to lift a small flow of water through a higher head. All hydrams need a large amount of falling water to provide the energy utilized by them. This is why they can only be used when the source is very large compared to the amount of water required to be pumped. Usually, 5 to 10% of the water from the drive pipe is pumped. The rest goes back to the main water source 1.3 Advantages and Application: The hydraulic ram pump can be used with great effectiveness in communities which are located at a higher elevation than their source of water. The hydram pump uses the power of falling water to pump a small portion of that water uphill. It requires absolutely no fuel or electricity and operate only water pressure. There are only two moving parts which are lubricated by the water itself thus making a hydram a very simple device. Hydrams can be used in many diverse situations for example for domestic purposes or irrigation The source of water supply to the hydram could be a stream, a spring, an irrigation canal, an artesian well, or even an existing gravity flow water system. In the mountainous topography, there are many places where, if a hydram were installed, much time spent hauling water could be used for other purposes. Formerly unproductive or unused land could be made suitable for cultivation and yields will be increased in existing fields. Wide scale usage can benefit many people. Because this simple pump works 24 hours per day, for many years and requires little attention, it is suitable for areas where people have little technical expertise. Because hydram installations are inexpensive and quickly installed, they are well suited for remote areas where there are extreme transportation difficulties, as well as for sparsely populated villages which often make gravity flow water supply system financially unfeasible. The ability to incorporate a hydram in an existing gravity flow water supply system has also proved very useful. 1.4 Limitations: The use of hydrams has certain constraints associated with it. These are: Hydrams can only be used in mountainous topography. Where there is enough elevation distance between the water source and the community to which water is to be supplied. Generally the place for pumps should not be more than 100 meters below the place where water must be delivered. In areas which are prone to inundation, the hydram should be located so that the waste valve (a component of the pump) is always located above flood water level, as the pump will cease to function if the waste valve becomes submerged. The hydrams pump only a small portion of the water which is supplied to them therefore the source supplying hydram with water should be much larger than the amount of water which is desired to be delivered. The water source should not be seasonal and be present year-round if continuous supply of water is desired. Although hydrams are a very cheap technology compared to the more common used electric pumps they can have a high capital cost in relation to other technologies. Hydrams are limited to small scale applications, usually up to 1kW. A willingness for system care and maintenance to be provided by the community that uses the water. Chapter 2 WORKING PRINCPLE 2.1 Water hammer. Water hammer (or, more generally, fluid hammer) is a pressure surge or wave resulting when a fluid (usually a liquid but sometimes also a gas) in motion is forced to stop or change direction suddenly. Water hammer commonly occurs when a valve is closed suddenly at an end of a pipeline system, and a pressure wave propagates in the pipe. If the pipe is suddenly closed at the outlet (downstream), the mass of water before the closure is still moving forward with some velocity, building up a high pressure. When a valve in a pipe is closed, the water downstream of the valve will attempt to continue flowing, creating a vacuum that may cause the pipe to collapse or implode. Here water hammer has a negative impact. Nevertheless, the same phenomenon is used to life water in a hydram There are two main Physics concepts. 2.2 Momentum and Impulse. When an object is moving at some velocity, v, it has a momentum equal to its mass times its velocity, m*v . In our system, when the waste valve closes, the velocity of the water goes quickly to zero. This change in velocity causes a change in momentum equal to m*Άv. If you divide the change in momentum, also known as impulse, by the amount of time that has elapsed during the change in momentum, you get: Impulse = m * Άv / Ά t Noting that force = m*a, impulse / time equals a force. This force is a constant that can be used to determine the amount of work that can be done on the system. 2.3 Conservation of Mechanical Energy. During any type of physical interaction, the energy of the system remains constant. The only type of energy that is applicable here is mechanical energy. Mechanical energy is defined as the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy. To find the theoretical maximum height the pump can pump to, the final mechanical energy should be all potential energy and no kinetic energy. Therefore we take the equation 1/2 * m * v2 + m * g * hi = m * g * hf Water enters through the inlet pipe and exits through the waste valve. As it moves through the waste valve it builds up speed / momentum / kinetic energy. When the water gets going fast enough, it pushes the plunger on the waste valve closed. The moment the waste valve closes, the water creates an impulse and pushes up through the one way valve and out towards its destination. Once this built up pressure is released, the one way valve closes and the waste valve opens, starting a new cycle Chapter 3 OPERATION SEQUENCE OF HYDRAM The hydraulic ram pump operates in a cycle. The time each cycle takes to complete is very less, often one second. Each cycle of the pump can be divided in four phases. These are explained as follows 3.1 Acceleration: Water enters the hydram through the drive pipe and fills the pump body and starts flowing out of the waste or impulse valve. The water flowing past this valve tries to close it. The flow accelerates. During this time the delivery or check valve remains closed and no water is entering the delivery pipe. A Drive Pipe B Impulse Valve C Delivery Valve D Air Chamber E Delivery Pipe 1 Figure 3.1 Acceleration 3.2 Compression: The velocity and pressure of the column of water exiting from the impulse valve is overcome and the impulse valve closes. This creates a high pressure, compressing the water inside the pump body. This rise in pressure is called water hammer. The effect of water hammer is to open the check valve. A Drive Pipe B Impulse Valve C Delivery Valve D Air Chamber E Delivery Pipe 2 Figure 3.2 Compression 3.3 Delivery: The water starts flowing through the check valve in the air chamber. Air trapped in the air chamber is simultaneously compressed to a pressure exceeding the delivery pressure. Once the pressure in the air chamber exceeds the static delivery head due to reexpansion, water is forced up the delivery pipe. The pressure in the pump body drops quickly to equal the pressure in the air chamber thus closing the delivery valve. A Drive Pipe B Impulse Valve C Delivery Valve D Air Chamber E Delivery Pipe 3 Figure 3.3 Delivery 3.4 Recoil: After the delivery valve has closed, a shockwave is created and causes the water to flow back up the drive pipe. This results in a drop of pressure low enough for the impulse valve to open. Flow through drive pipe starts. The air volume in the air chamber stabilizes by this point and the flow from the delivery pipe stops. A Drive Pipe B Impulse Valve C Delivery Valve D Air Chamber E Delivery Pipe 4 Figure 3.4 Recoil Chapter 4 DESIGN 4.1 Designs Design 1 Hydraulic_Ram_Pump_p04a Figure 4.1 Design 01 They tend to be made from heavy castings and have been known to function reliably for 50 years or more. However, although a number of such design is still manufactured in Europe and the USA in small numbers, they are relatively expensive, although generally speaking the drive-pipe, delivery pipe and civil workings will be significantly more expensive than even the heaviest types of hydram. Design 2 Capture Figure 4.2 Design 02 This design is very low in cost but the pipes in the end cost considerably more than the hydram. They are not always as reliable as previous design, but are usually acceptably reliable with failures separated by many months rather than days, and are easy to repair when they fail. Table Comparison between Designs Features Design 1 Design 2 Fabrication Difficult Medium Weight Heavy Not too much heavy Reliability Yes To some extent Fabrication cost High Low Maintenance required Yes Yes Complexity High low Weighting matrix of designs Not Important Important Table Weighting matrix of Designs Features A B C D E F TOTAL WEIGHT A 1 1 1 0 1 4 0.21 B 1 0 1 1 1 4 0.21 C 0 0 1 1 0 2 0.1 D 1 1 1 0 1 4 0.21 E 0 0 0 0 1 1 0.06 F 1 1 1 1 0 4 0.21 à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ=19 à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ=1 A- Ease of Fabrication B- Weight C- Reliable D- Fabrication cost E- Maintenance required F- Complexity Rating matrix of Design 0 Does not meet requirement 1 Meets requirement partially 2 Fully meets requirement 3 Significantly above requirement Table Rating matrix of Designs Features Weighting Design Rating I II I II A 0.21 1 3 0.21 0.63 B 0.21 1 3 0.21 0.63 C 0.1 3 1 0.3 0.1 D 0.21 2 3 0.42 0.63 E 0.06 1 1 0.06 0.06 F 0.21 1 2 0.21 0.42 à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ=1.41 à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ=2.47 A- Ease of Fabrication B- Weight C- Reliable D- Fabrication cost E- Maintenance required F- Complexity Considering fabrication, weight, cost, complexity design 2 is selected. Design 2: Capture1 4.2 Parts of Hydram Tanks Pipes Impulse and delivery valve Air chamber pump throttling valve rubber washers Pipe Elbows Pipe collar 4.2.1Tanks We will be using three tanks Supply tank Waste water tank Delivered tank Supply tank: The water that to be elevated will be supplied from the supply tank.A pipe with a throttling valve will be connected with it.this tank will be 5 feet from ground and have capacity of 10 gallons. Waste water tank: The water that comes out from the impulsive valve will go to waste water tank. Delivered tank: This tank would be at the height of 10-12 feet. The water from the delivery tank will go to the delivered tank. 4.2.2 Pipes There are two pipes Drive pipe Delivery pipe Drive pipe: The water coming from the Supply tank will flow in drive pipe. The flow in this pipe can be controlled through a valve. Delivery Pipe: The water at the delivered tank will be delivered through delivery pipe. Table Price list of different material for pipes Materials Length (Feet) 2 in. Dia Cost (Rs) 3 in. Dia Cost (Rs) PVC 13 560 900 GI (M) 20 3060 4500 GI (L) 20 2600 3250 GI (EL) 20 2350 2900 CI 6 1100 1500 Weighting matrix of pipe 0- Not Important 1- Important Table Weighting matrix of Pipe Design feature A B C D E TOTAL WEIGHT A 0 1 0 1 2 0.15 B 1 1 1 1 4 0.30 C 1 0 1 1 3 0.23 D 1 0 1 1 3 0.23 E 0 0 1 0 1 0.07 à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ=13 à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ=1 Design Factors A Weight B Friction factor C Cost D Assembling E Resistance to corrosion According to matrix friction factor, cost, assembling are important factors. Rating matrix of pipes 0 Does not meet requirement 1 Meets requirement partially 2 Fully meets requirement 3 Significantly above requirement Table Rating matrix of Pipes Design Factors Weighting Concepts Rating I II III I II III A 0.15 3 2 2 0.45 0.3 0.3 B 0.30 3 3 0 0.9 0.9 0 C 0.23 3 2 2 0.69 0.46 0.46 D 0.23 1 3 2 0.23 0.69 0.46 E 0.07 3 3 1 0.21 0.21 .07 à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ=2.48 à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ=2.56 à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ=1.29 Concepts I PVC II GI (Galvanized iron) III CI (cast iron) Design Factors A Weight B Friction factor C Cost D Assembling E Resistance to corrosion According to matrix we might use PVC or galvanized iron 4.2.3 Air chamber Air chamber is to turn the intermittent flow through the delivery valve into steady, continuous flow up the delivery pipe. the air chamber provide the pump with a constant head to pump against and removes the inefficiencies associated with intermittent flow in the delivery pipe .The size of the air chamber therefore should ensure the conditions in the air vessel are little affected by the sudden inflow of water each cycle coming through the delivery valve. The volume of the air in the air chamber therefore should be at least 20 and preferably nearer 50 times the expected delivery flow per cycle .An air chamber with a volume many times that of the water entering per cycle will experience little change in condition at each delivery. Pump running to low heads with large delivery flows therefore actually require air chamber than ones pumping smaller flows to high delivery head. 4.2.4 Pump A pump will be connected with waste tank that will pump the waste water and delivers it to the supply tank so that if the water level in supply tank gets low ,the waste water will be pumped to the supply tank. 4.2.5 Throttling valve A valve will be connected with drive pipe to control the flow of water. 4.2.6 Rubber washers When the valve will close, water should not leak out from it. In order to prevent leakage rubber washer will be used. 4.2.7 Pipe elbows collars To connect different pipes we will use pipe elbow. Mostly we will use 90o elbow. We will also use welding technology if required. Price list of different elbow of different materials Materials 2 inch 90o elbow 3 inch 45o elbow 2 inch 45o elbow 3 inch 45o elbow PVC Rs.50 Rs.50 Rs.110 Rs.110 GI (M) Rs.150 Rs.170 Rs.210 Rs.260 GI (L) Rs.140 Rs.160 Rs.170 Rs.210 GI (EL) Rs.120 Rs.150 Rs.165 Rs.190 CI Rs.295 Rs.295 Rs.330 Rs.350 Table List of different elbow of different materials 4.3 Estimated Cost Estimated cost of hydram from different materials MATERIALS ESTIMATED COST (Rs.) PVC 10000 15000 GI (M) 23000 26000 GI (L) 22000 24000 GI (EL) 18000 23000 CI 16000 20000 Table Estimated cost of Hydram from different materials List of Abbreviation A1 cross sectional area of supply pipe A2 cross sectional area of delivery pipe D1 diameter of supply pipe D2 diameter of delivery pipe D Diameter of waste water inlet d Diameter of waste water outlet Dv Diameter of valve poppet F force on waste valve poppet H supply head h delivered head L1 length of supply pipe L2 length of delivery pipe à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  L Distance of waste valve poppet from the centerline of drive pipe mass flowrate in supply pipe mv mass of waste valve poppet P0 pressure on supply tank P1 pressure developed due to fall of water P2 pressure on waste valve poppet Q volume flowrate V velocity of water in supply pipe V1 velocity of water entering hydram V2 velocity of water leaving hydram power gained by falling water à Ã‚  density of water = 1000 kg/m3 g acceleration of free fall = 9.81 m/s2 ÃŽÂ ¼ viscosity of water = 1.12 x10-3 Ns/m2 ÃŽÂ ³ specific weight of water = 9810 N/m3 Abstract The Design and Fabrication of a Hydraulic Ram Pump (Hydram) is undertaken. It is meant to lift water from a depth of 5 feet below the surface with no other external energy source required. The overall cost of fabrication of this hydram shows that the pump is relatively cheaper than the existing pumps. Design Selection During the selection of deign for the hydram the following were considered Ease of Fabrication Weight Reliable Fabrication cost Maintenance required Complexity. The design was chosen giving priority to fabrication, weight, cost and complexity. The hydram will be fabricated from PVC. Chapter 5 TECHNICAL DRAWINGS Capture8 Figure 5.: 3D view of pump Capture9 Figure 5. : (a) Front view of pump Capture10 Figure 5.: Front View of Pump Capture1 Figure 5.: 3D view of waste valveCapture2 Figure .5 Front view of Waste valve Capture3 Figure 5. 3D view of Delivery Valve Capture5 Figure 5. Front view of Delivery Valve Capture6 Figure 5. 3D view of Air ChamberCapture7 Figure 5. Front View of Air Chamber Chapter 6 MATERIAL PROPERTIES AND JOINING METHODS 6.1 PVC pipes and fittings The difference between Schedule 40 and Schedule 80 PVC Pipe is the thickness of the pipe wall. Schedule 40 has a thinner wall than Schedule 80. This makes Schedule 80 PVC Pipes perfect for applications with very high water pressures. The outside diameter of the pipes is constant for different sizes and therefore they are interchangeable (provided that they meet the correct strength requirements). PVC Pipe Fittings differ similarly to PVC Pipe, except that they maintain the same inner diameter with the outer diameter differing based on the Schedule. This means that these are all interchangeable so long as they meet the requirements. Maximum Pressure Maximum operating and required minimum bursting pressures at 73oF (23oC) for PVC pipe fittings according ASTM D1785 Standard Specification for Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) Plastic Pipes Schedules 40 and 80 are indicated in the diagram and table below: pvc pipes bursting and operating pressure limits diagram Figure 6.1 Graph for the Max. Pressure PVC Nominal Pipe Size (inches) Required Minimum Burst Pressure (psi) Maximum Operating Pressure (psi) Schedule 40[1] Schedule 80[2] Schedule 40 Schedule 80 1/2 1910 2720 358 509 3/4 1540 2200 289 413 1 1440 2020 270 378 1 1/4 1180 1660 221 312 1 1/2 1060 1510 198 282 2 890 1290 166 243 2 1/2 870 1360 182 255 3 840 1200 158 225 Table 6.: Table Pipe sizes and Max. Pressure 1 psi (lb/in2) = 6,894.8 Pa (N/m2) Chemical Resistance: PVC pressure pipe and fittings are inert to attack by a wide variety of strong acids, alkalis, salt solutions, alcohols, and many other chemicals. They are dependable in corrosive applications and impart no tastes or odors to materials carried in them. They do not react with materials carried, nor act as a catalyst. Strength PVC Schedule 40 and Schedule 80 pipe and fittings are highly tough and durable products that have high-tensile and high-impact strength. They withstand high pressure for long time. Fire Resistance PVC pressure pipe and fittings are self-extinguishing, and do not support combustion.. Internal Corrosion Resistance PVC Schedule 40 and Schedule 80 pipe and fittings resist chemical attack by most acids, alkalis, salts, and organic media such as alcohols and aliphatic hydrocarbons, within certain limits of temperature and pressure. External Corrosion Resistance Industrial fumes, humidity, salt water, weather, atmospheric, or underground conditions regardless of soil type or moisture cannot harm PVC pressure pipe and fittings. Scratches or surface abrasions do not provide points which corrosive elements can attack. . Low Friction Loss The smooth interior surfaces of PVC Schedule 40 and Schedule 80 pipe and fittings assure low friction loss and high flow rate. Because PVC pipe and fittings do not rust, pit, scale, or corrode, the high flow rate continues for the life of the piping system. Low Thermal Conductivity PVC pressure pipe and fittings have a much lower thermal conductivity factor than metal pipe. This ensures that fluids maintain a more constant temperature. In most cases, pipe insulation is not required. [3] . 6.2 Joining Methods There are several techniques for the joining the pipes and fittings. Solvent cement Threaded connections Solvent cement For joining solvent cement will be used. It is simple and reliable if procedures are followed correctly. Since variables of temperature, humidity, pipe size, time, and other conditions have a significant effect on solvent cement joints, it is important to understand the principles of each step and make adjustments for actual conditions. A wide variety of solvent cements and primers are commercially available. Selection of specific type, grade and consistency of solvent cement should take into account pipe type, size, installation conditions and chemical compatibility of cement and system fluids. For best results, installation should be made at temperatures between 10 °C and 45 °C.All joint components should be inspected for any breaking, chipping, gouging or other visible damage before Threaded Connections Threading reduces the effective wall thickness of pipe, pressure ratings of the pipe are reduced to one-half that of unthreaded pipe using solvent cement welded joints. By threading different parts specially the valves can be joined. Chapter 7 CALCULATIONS The calculations for the design parameter have been done after carrying out a market survey of the components and materials available. Our aim is to achieve a delivered head of 4 meters from a fall of maximum 1.5 meters from the supply tank. The height of the supply tank has been varied to see if the desired delivery head is achieved or not. The calculations are theoretical and the situation will be different practically. The calculations only give a rough estimate of the design parameters. Trial and error will be used to start the operation of the hydram. The pre defined parameters include Diameter of drive pipe = 1 inch = 0.0254 m Diameter of delivery pipe = 0.5 inch = 0.0127 m Distance of waste valve poppet from the centerline of drive pipe = 0.1 m Diameter of waste water inlet = 2.5 inch = 0.0635 m Diameter of waste water outlet = 1.35 inch = 0.0345 m Schematic of Hydraulic Ram Pump Setup h0Delivery Tank P0 (1) L Hf <

Daughter of a Roughneck :: Biography Descriptive Essays Papers

Daughter of a Roughneck Juanita "June" was born in the mid-1940's, the firstborn of Q.D. and Hazel. Q.D. was a driller on oilrigs, a crew called "roughnecks." Over the years the family lived in Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. For the first 16 years of her life, June lived with her father, mother, and two younger brothers in a trailer that was so small it could (and was) pulled by the family car from oil patch to oil patch. Despite social prejudices, educational setbacks, and trauma in her life, she overcame those obstacles. Many of today's oilrigs are located offshore. During the 1940's there were more areas on land available to set up a rig. A roughneck crew would set up a rig at an oil patch. A typical job would last about six weeks. The oil was pumped out until the patch went dry. When the patch dried up, the crew would move on to the next pre-designated patch. The crews lived in portable homes on wheels, more commonly known as "trailers." A roughneck's family traveled with him. It was common for crews to move together, following each other in a caravan. This lifestyle had a great impact on June's life. It was difficult for her to make friends because the family moved so often. Since the family was moving every six to eight weeks, she was never in one school for very long. It was difficult to make friends as she got older. Even though she knew a friendship was going to be temporary, June longed to have a companion. The girls were cliquish and not friendly to her. On the other hand, the boys instantly took an interest in the pretty young lady. Unfortunately, this caused even more of a rife with the girls. She started dreading the moves that happened so frequently. Learning anything in class was a struggle. The constant moves took a toll. The family would move to a new place and she would start school. A new school might be ahead of the last school, and it would be hard to catch up before the next move. Sometimes she would start at a school and already know that material, and she would become bored. Developing study habits was very dif ficult and it was difficult for her to concentrate. Social prejudice was another fact of life. Roughnecks were viewed by some people as poor, trailer park trash.

Discrimination Problems

A problem facing human kind that I will start out with is discrimination and racism. For as long as humans have interacted on our planet, there has been discrimination. To me, discrimination is the act of treating individuals unequally because of a group or culture that one lives by. Everyone has been discriminatory at some point in his or her life, sometimes while not even knowing it, but it still needs to be thrown out of our society. In the late 1950†³s, discrimination acts ended against minority groups in a court of law; but did they? Today, some will still say that discrimination against any different type of ethnic group or organization will never just go away. How can a group/organization, educated or non-educated believe that a certain group that they abide by is superior to that of another? And is this still looked at as an acceptable way of living to some, or in some places? An example of an openly racist configuration is the Ku-Klux-Klan. Although most of our country is not supporting such a group, they are still given the right to voice their hatred. How is our nation ever supposed to improve and sustain peace when people are blaming others for something that we have all brought upon ourselves? Another problem I think our humankind is facing is lack of freedom and excess of social control. At this point in my life I am going through a very confusing stage of questioning. Questioning my values, my boundaries, my potential, basically my life in general. Often, I ask myself, â€Å"What the hell were we put on this planet for†? Was it to do what our society is showing us to do? -Or have we all gone completely mad? Who said that we need to succeed and compete, and sometimes make ourselves unhappy to achieve something that we are told is right? Who came up with having our whole world centered at education and goal oriented scholars? Where has the freedom really gone, and what will it lead to-certainly nothing more than what we have now. If freedom is being able to study what one wants and being able to work where one wants, as whatever one wants, these definitions of freedom are still centered around only one way of life-An organized society. True- our world would be beyond chaotic if one should pull the plug on rules, regulations and organization, but has anyone ever brought forth any kind of â€Å"what if†¦ â€Å"?. What would our world be if success and education were not looked at as the â€Å"appropriate and better† way of life? People would be able to live as they choose without the worries of fitting into any kind of society in which they did not want to fit into? What I am asking or yet proposing in a sense is what are we aiming for, and how excessive is our social control going to get? Does anybody have a certainty that what we are doing is in fact correct- if so, I†d like to meet him or her, and have Materialism is another one that I am going to take a shot at. This subject I can†t say I†m exactly fit to write about but it†s something of interest to me, which makes it somewhat of a â€Å"problematic subject† in my book. Materialism to me is our world looking at and making assumptions and opinions about the wrong thing, either the subject being money/success, man-made objects, social upbringing, education or whatever. I have never had a direct problem with materialism only because I have never been confronted or even in discussion with that subject. I grew up in a very materialistic environment and only now am realizing that it is a problem for our society. Where I grew up, in a suburban, upper-class township, everyone forms opinions on everyone by the external view of someone. As I have said above, how much money? Are they attractive? Who are their parents? And so forth. I had never been exposed to anything but that until now, and I am learning that not everyone is like that, so it†s not as much of a problem in some places than in others, although the places with heavy materialistic views and ways of life are not educated enough about this subject to know that materialism is wrong. These are just three of the many things that I think are problems facing human kind in the future and even right now.

The Pregnancy Of Smoking And Fetal Development - 890 Words

Women Who Smoke While Pregnant Over the years, statistics show that smoking cigarettes can cause many serious health issues. These issues compound when the smoker is expecting. Fourteen percent of U.S. mothers smoke while pregnant despite knowing the fact that smoking causes harm to both mother and child. In younger mothers, age 25 and under, that number rises significantly to 20 percent. If a woman smokes then becomes pregnant, she must decide whether or not to quit. Woman are aware that cigarettes are not good for them or their baby, but do they understand the severity of smoking while carrying their unborn child in their womb? In this paper I will evaluate how women who smoke while pregnant are at high risk for early miscarriage, preterm birth, and birth defects. Is smoking a cigarette worth risking the life of your unborn child? The relationship between maternal smoking and fetal development shows that smoking raises the risk of early miscarriage and stillbirth. In the early stag es of fetal development, cigarette smoke may cause genetic damage to the unborn baby. Smoking can change the lining of the uterus making it harder for the implantation of the fertilized egg. The dangerous chemicals found in cigarettes can cause a mother’s placenta to separate from the womb at a premature time. Smoking later in pregnancy appears to decrease the placenta’s ability to deliver nutrients to a developing baby. Some evidence even indicates that heavy smoking by the father,( moreShow MoreRelatedResearch Paper On Maternal Smoking Of Pregnancy, Fetal Development, And Childhood Asthma Essay780 Words   |  4 PagesGenre Analysis Outline Picked topic: Maternal Smoking in Pregnancy, Fetal Development, and Childhood Asthma Type of genre: Research paper Conventions of research papers: Abstract- is usually a 250-word overview of the research paper and provides the main idea of the study. Includes the 6 sections that are stated below. 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